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The Impact of Mother’s Living Environment Exposure on Genome Damage, Immunological Status, and Sex Hormone Levels in Newborns

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  • Aleksandra Fucic

    (Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
    Scientific Center of Excellence for Reproductive and Regenerative Medicine (CERRM), 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Mirta Starcevic

    (Scientific Center of Excellence for Reproductive and Regenerative Medicine (CERRM), 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
    University Hospital Center Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Nada Sindicic Dessardo

    (Scientific Center of Excellence for Reproductive and Regenerative Medicine (CERRM), 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
    University Hospital Center Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Drago Batinic

    (Scientific Center of Excellence for Reproductive and Regenerative Medicine (CERRM), 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
    University Hospital Center Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
    Medical School, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Sasa Kralik

    (Scientific Center of Excellence for Reproductive and Regenerative Medicine (CERRM), 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
    Medical School, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Jure Krasic

    (Scientific Center of Excellence for Reproductive and Regenerative Medicine (CERRM), 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
    Medical School, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Nino Sincic

    (Scientific Center of Excellence for Reproductive and Regenerative Medicine (CERRM), 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
    Medical School, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Damir Loncarevic

    (University Hospital Center Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Vedrana Guszak

    (Scientific Center of Excellence for Reproductive and Regenerative Medicine (CERRM), 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
    University Hospital Center Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to compare for the first time IL-6 (Interleukin 6), testosterone (T) and estradiol (E) levels, their ratio (E/T), micronucleus (MN), and nuclear bridge (NB) frequency between newborns with regard to their mother’s residency and diet. Our results should enable an assessment of the possible environmental endocrine effects and interaction between biomarkers, pointing to possible associated health risks. Methods: Fifty full-term newborns of both sexes, whose mothers were healthy and not occupationally exposed to any known carcinogen, were analyzed. All of the mothers filled in a detailed questionnaire. Results: The results showed significantly higher levels of E in newborns of mothers with agricultural residency than those born by mothers with urban residency. Significantly, lower levels of E were measured in newborns of mothers who drank milk and carbonated beverages more frequently. Testosterone was significantly higher in boys of mothers with agricultural residency than from mothers with urban residency. Residence and other parameters had no impact on the difference in MN frequency. IL-6 levels were higher in newborns of mothers with agricultural residency. NB levels were significantly associated with E. A significant association between E levels and IL-6 was found. Conclusion: Our results were the first to show a significant impact of the mother’s agricultural residency and diet on their newborns’ sex hormone and IL-6 levels and their association.

Suggested Citation

  • Aleksandra Fucic & Mirta Starcevic & Nada Sindicic Dessardo & Drago Batinic & Sasa Kralik & Jure Krasic & Nino Sincic & Damir Loncarevic & Vedrana Guszak, 2020. "The Impact of Mother’s Living Environment Exposure on Genome Damage, Immunological Status, and Sex Hormone Levels in Newborns," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-12, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:10:p:3402-:d:357612
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ernesto Burgio & Prisco Piscitelli & Annamaria Colao, 2018. "Environmental Carcinogenesis and Transgenerational Transmission of Carcinogenic Risk: From Genetics to Epigenetics," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-12, August.
    2. Kinga Polanska & Wojciech Hanke & Natalia Pawlas & Ewelina Wesolowska & Agnieszka Jankowska & Marta Jagodic & Darja Mazej & Jolanta Dominowska & Mariusz Grzesiak & Fiorino Mirabella & Flavia Chiarotti, 2018. "Sex-Dependent Impact of Low-Level Lead Exposure during Prenatal Period on Child Psychomotor Functions," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-11, October.
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