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MicroRNA in Ovarian Cancer: Biology, Pathogenesis, and Therapeutic Opportunities

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  • San-Nung Chen

    (Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan)

  • Renin Chang

    (Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
    Department of Recreation Sports Management, Tajen University, Pingtung 907, Taiwan
    Institute of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 840, Taiwan)

  • Li-Te Lin

    (Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
    Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan
    Department of Biological Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan)

  • Chyi-Uei Chern

    (Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan)

  • Hsiao-Wen Tsai

    (Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan)

  • Zhi-Hong Wen

    (Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
    Marine Biomedical Laboratory and Center for Translational Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan)

  • Yi-Han Li

    (Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA)

  • Chia-Jung Li

    (Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan)

  • Kuan-Hao Tsui

    (Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
    Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
    Department of Pharmacy and Master Program, College of Pharmacy and Health Care, Tajen University, Pingtung 907, Taiwan)

Abstract

Ovarian cancer comprises one of the three major malignant tumor types in the female reproductive system. The mortality rate of this cancer is the highest among all gynecological tumors, with ovarian cancer metastasis constituting an important cause of death. Therefore, markers for disease prediction and prognosis are highly desirable for early diagnosis as well as for helping optimize and personalize treatment. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs), which consist of short-sequence RNAs that do not encode a protein, have emerged as new biomarkers in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer. By pairing with bases specific to the target messenger RNA (mRNA), miRNAs cause degradation of the target mRNA or inhibit its translation, thereby regulating various cellular processes including cell proliferation and adhesion. Increasing numbers of studies have shown that miRNA expression abnormality plays an important role in the development of ovarian cancer. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of miRNA action, current research regarding their role in the suppression or promotion of ovarian cancer, and their use as markers for diagnosis of prognosis or as therapeutic targets for this disease. Finally, we present future perspectives regarding the clinical management of ovarian cancer and the role for miRNAs therein.

Suggested Citation

  • San-Nung Chen & Renin Chang & Li-Te Lin & Chyi-Uei Chern & Hsiao-Wen Tsai & Zhi-Hong Wen & Yi-Han Li & Chia-Jung Li & Kuan-Hao Tsui, 2019. "MicroRNA in Ovarian Cancer: Biology, Pathogenesis, and Therapeutic Opportunities," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-14, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:9:p:1510-:d:226822
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    1. Chen-Yu Huang & Min Cheng & Na-Rong Lee & Hsin-Yi Huang & Wen-Ling Lee & Wen-Hsun Chang & Peng-Hui Wang, 2020. "Comparing Paclitaxel–Carboplatin with Paclitaxel–Cisplatin as the Front-Line Chemotherapy for Patients with FIGO IIIC Serous-Type Tubo-Ovarian Cancer," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-23, March.

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