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Parental Smoking and Under-Five Child Mortality in Southeast Asia: Evidence from Demographic and Health Surveys

Author

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  • Helen Andriani

    (Department of Health Policy and Administration, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, 16424 Depok, Indonesia)

  • Septiara Putri

    (Department of Health Policy and Administration, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, 16424 Depok, Indonesia)

  • Reynaldi Ikhsan Kosasih

    (National Committee for Tobacco Control Indonesia, 10350 Jakarta, Indonesia)

  • Hsien-Wen Kuo

    (Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, 112 Taipei, Taiwan)

Abstract

Smoking remains the main cause of preventable early death. However, little is known about the association between parental smoking and child mortality in under-fives in developing countries. This study assesses the association between parental smoking status, smoking amount and smoking frequency with child mortality in under-fives in four Southeast Asian countries (Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao People’s Democratic Republic and Timor Leste). We used the Demographic and Health Survey dataset. The information from couples consisting of fathers and mothers (n = 19,301 couples) in the same household were collected. Under-five child mortality was significantly associated with paternal smoking only (odds ratio (OR) = 1.25, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.14–1.38), maternal smoking only (OR = 2.40, 95% CI: 1.61–3.59) and both parents smoking (OR = 2.60, 2.08–3.26). Paternal, maternal, both parents’ smoking amount and frequency were also assessed. The estimated association decreased after adjusting for covariates but remained highly significant for smoking in both parents, mothers who smoked 1–10 cigarettes/day, when both parents smoked > 20 cigarettes/day, and in mothers who smoked every day. Future behavioural changes and smoking cessation programmes should engage parents as a catalyst for the reduction of child mortality risk in LMICs in the SEA region.

Suggested Citation

  • Helen Andriani & Septiara Putri & Reynaldi Ikhsan Kosasih & Hsien-Wen Kuo, 2019. "Parental Smoking and Under-Five Child Mortality in Southeast Asia: Evidence from Demographic and Health Surveys," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(23), pages 1-12, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:23:p:4756-:d:291575
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. WHO World Health Organization, 2013. "Who Report On The Global Tobacco Epidemic, 2013," University of California at San Francisco, Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education qt5t06910t, Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, UC San Francisco.
    2. Semba, R.D. & De Pee, S. & Sun, K. & Best, C.M. & Sari, M. & Bloem, M.W., 2008. "Paternal smoking and increased risk of infant and under-5 child mortality in Indonesia," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 98(10), pages 1824-1826.
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