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Maternal Dietary Patterns during Pregnancy and Congenital Heart Defects: A Case-Control Study

Author

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  • Jiaomei Yang

    (Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China)

  • Yijun Kang

    (Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China)

  • Yue Cheng

    (Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China)

  • Lingxia Zeng

    (Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China)

  • Hong Yan

    (Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China
    Nutrition and Food Safety Engineering Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710061, China
    Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi’an 710061, China)

  • Shaonong Dang

    (Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China
    Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi’an 710061, China)

Abstract

Limited studies investigating the relationships between dietary patterns and congenital heart defects (CHDs) are available. This study aimed to explore the associations between dietary patterns and CHDs risk in Shaanxi, China. We conducted a hospital-based case-control study and included a total of 474 cases and 948 controls. Pregnant women waiting for delivery in the hospital were interviewed to report their diets during pregnancy using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Dietary patterns were derived using principal component factor analysis. Mixed logistic regression models were used to assess the associations between dietary patterns and CHDs. Pregnant women in the highest tertile of the prudent pattern had a lower risk of CHDs compared to those in the lowest tertile (OR = 0.65, 95%CI: 0.48–0.89). Pregnant women with high scores on the vegetarian pattern were at an increased risk of CHDs (medium vs. lowest tertile: OR = 1.50, 95%CI = 1.03–2.17; highest vs. lowest tertile: OR = 1.56, 95%CI = 1.13–2.15; p trend = 0.015). Pregnant women with high scores on the dairy and egg pattern were at a reduced risk of CHDs (medium vs. lowest tertile: OR = 0.66, 95%CI = 0.49–0.90; highest vs. lowest tertile: OR = 0.60, 95%CI = 0.43–0.82; p trend = 0.001). Maternal diet during pregnancy is an important target for intervention, and it may influence the likelihood of developing CHDs.

Suggested Citation

  • Jiaomei Yang & Yijun Kang & Yue Cheng & Lingxia Zeng & Hong Yan & Shaonong Dang, 2019. "Maternal Dietary Patterns during Pregnancy and Congenital Heart Defects: A Case-Control Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-10, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:16:p:2957-:d:258337
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ewelina Wesołowska & Agnieszka Jankowska & Elżbieta Trafalska & Paweł Kałużny & Mariusz Grzesiak & Jolanta Dominowska & Wojciech Hanke & Gemma Calamandrei & Kinga Polańska, 2019. "Sociodemographic, Lifestyle, Environmental and Pregnancy-Related Determinants of Dietary Patterns during Pregnancy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-15, March.
    2. Jiaomei Yang & Huizhen Qiu & Pengfei Qu & Ruo Zhang & Lingxia Zeng & Hong Yan, 2015. "Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Congenital Heart Defects: A Meta-Analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(6), pages 1-15, June.
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