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Distribution and Potential Ecological Risk of Heavy Metals in Water, Sediments, and Aquatic Macrophytes: A Case Study of the Junction of Four Rivers in Linyi City, China

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  • Xiuling Li

    (College of Life Sciences, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China
    Xiuling Li and Henglun Shen contributed equally to this paper.)

  • Henglun Shen

    (College of Life Sciences, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang 277160, China
    Xiuling Li and Henglun Shen contributed equally to this paper.)

  • Yongjun Zhao

    (College of Biological Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China)

  • Weixing Cao

    (College of Biological Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China)

  • Changwei Hu

    (College of Biological Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China)

  • Chen Sun

    (College of Biological Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China)

Abstract

The Yi River, the second longest river in Shandong Province, China, flows through Linyi City and is fed by three tributary rivers, Beng River, Liuqing River, and Su River in the northeastern part of the city. In this study, we determined the concentrations of five heavy metals (Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb) in water, sediment, and aquatic macrophyte samples collected from the junction of the four rivers and evaluated the potential ecological risk of heavy metal pollution. Most of the heavy metals in water were in low concentrations with the water quality index (WQI) below 1, suggesting low metal pollution. The sediments showed low heavy metal concentrations, suggesting a low ecological risk based on the potential ecological risk index (RI) and the geo-accumulation index ( I geo ). The aquatic plant species Potamogeton crispus accumulated considerable amounts of heavy metals, which were closely related to the metal concentrations of the sediment. The plant species Salvinia natans also showed an excellent metal accumulation capability. Based on our results, the junction of the four rivers is only slightly polluted in terms of heavy metals, and the plant species P. crispus is a suitable bioindicator for sediment heavy metal pollution.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiuling Li & Henglun Shen & Yongjun Zhao & Weixing Cao & Changwei Hu & Chen Sun, 2019. "Distribution and Potential Ecological Risk of Heavy Metals in Water, Sediments, and Aquatic Macrophytes: A Case Study of the Junction of Four Rivers in Linyi City, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-13, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:16:p:2861-:d:256483
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Guoqi Lian & Xinqing Lee, 2021. "Concentrations, Distribution, and Pollution Assessment of Metals in River Sediments in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(13), pages 1-20, June.
    2. Ronghua Zhong & Yun Zhang & Xingwu Duan & Fei Wang & Raheel Anjum, 2022. "Heavy Metals Enrichment Associated with Water-Level Fluctuations in the Riparian Soils of the Xiaowan Reservoir, Lancang River," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-16, October.
    3. Songtao Liu & Furong Yu & Jianuo Zhang, 2022. "Heavy-Metal Speciation Distribution and Adsorption Characteristics of Cr (VI) in the Soil within Sewage Irrigation Areas," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(10), pages 1-18, May.
    4. Yanhong Li & Liquan Xie & Tsung-chow Su, 2019. "Bio-Capture of Solid Pollutants by Vegetation Canopy Cave in Shallow Water Flow," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(23), pages 1-16, December.

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