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Population Exposure to Ambient PM 2.5 at the Subdistrict Level in China

Author

Listed:
  • Ying Long

    (School of Architecture and Hang Lung Center for Real Estate, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China)

  • Jianghao Wang

    (State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
    The first two authors contribute equally to the paper.)

  • Kang Wu

    (Beijing Key Laboratory of Megaregions Sustainable Development Modelling and School of Urban Economics and Public Administration, Capital University of Economics and Business, Beijing 100070, China)

  • Junjie Zhang

    (Environmental Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan 215316, China)

Abstract

Fine-particulate pollution is a major public health concern in China. Accurate assessment of the population exposed to PM 2.5 requires high-resolution pollution and population information. This paper assesses China’s potential population exposure to PM 2.5 , maps its spatiotemporal variability, and simulates the effects of the recent air pollution control policy. We relate satellite-based Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) retrievals to ground-based PM 2.5 observations. We employ block cokriging (BCK) to improve the spatial interpolation of PM 2.5 distribution. We use the subdistrict level population data to estimate and map the potential population exposure to PM 2.5 pollution in China at the subdistrict level, the smallest administrative unit with public demographic information. During 8 April 2013 and 7 April 2014, China’s population-weighted annual average PM 2.5 concentration was nearly 7 times the annual average level suggested by the World Health Organization (WHO). About 1322 million people, or 98.6% of the total population, were exposed to PM 2.5 at levels above WHO’s daily guideline for longer than half a year. If China can achieve its Action Plan on Prevention and Control of Air Pollution targets by 2017, the population exposed to PM 2.5 above China’s daily standard for longer than half a year will be reduced by 85%.

Suggested Citation

  • Ying Long & Jianghao Wang & Kang Wu & Junjie Zhang, 2018. "Population Exposure to Ambient PM 2.5 at the Subdistrict Level in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-13, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:12:p:2683-:d:186211
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. An Zhang & Qingwen Qi & Lili Jiang & Fang Zhou & Jinfeng Wang, 2013. "Population Exposure to PM2.5 in the Urban Area of Beijing," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(5), pages 1-9, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Xin Zhang & Xun Zhang & Yuehua Liu & Xintong Zhao & Xi Chen, 2023. "The morbidity costs of air pollution through the Lens of Health Spending in China," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 36(3), pages 1269-1292, July.

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