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Sleep Duration, Sleep Quality, Body Mass Index, and Waist Circumference among Young Adults from 24 Low- and Middle-Income and Two High-Income Countries

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  • Karl Peltzer

    (HIV/AIDS/STIs and TB (HAST), Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
    Department of Research & Innovation, University of Limpopo, Sovenga 0727, South Africa)

  • Supa Pengpid

    (Department of Research & Innovation, University of Limpopo, Sovenga 0727, South Africa
    ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand)

Abstract

Obesity and its comorbidities have emerged as a leading public health concern. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and sleep patterns, including duration and disturbances. A cross-sectional questionnaire survey and anthropometric measurements were conducted with undergraduate university students that were randomly recruited in 26 universities in 24 low- and middle-income and two high-income countries. The sample included 18,211 (42.1% male and 57.9% female, mean age 21.0 in male and 20.7 years in female students) undergraduate university students. The overall BMI was a mean of 22.5 kg/m 2 for men and 22.0 kg/m 2 for women, and the mean WC was 78.4 cm for men and 73.8 cm for women. More than 39% of the students reported short sleep duration (≤6 h/day) and over 30% reported moderate to extreme sleep problems. In a linear multivariable regression, adjusted for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, short sleep duration was positively associated with BMI in both men and women, and was positively associated with WC among women but not among men. Sleep quality or problems among men were not associated with BMI, while among women mild sleep problems were inversely associated with BMI, and poor sleep quality or problems were positively associated with WC both among men and women. The study confirmed an association between short sleep duration and increased BMI and, among women, increased WC, and an association between poor sleep quality and increased WC but not BMI. Further, differences in the association between sleep characteristics and BMI and WC were found by region and country income.

Suggested Citation

  • Karl Peltzer & Supa Pengpid, 2017. "Sleep Duration, Sleep Quality, Body Mass Index, and Waist Circumference among Young Adults from 24 Low- and Middle-Income and Two High-Income Countries," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-12, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:14:y:2017:i:6:p:566-:d:99721
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wardle, Jane & Steptoe, Andrew, 1991. "The European health and behaviour survey: Rationale, methods and initial results from the United Kingdom," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 33(8), pages 925-936, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Qing-Hai Gong & Si-Xuan Li & Hui Li & Jun Cui & Guo-Zhang Xu, 2018. "Insufficient Sleep Duration and Overweight/Obesity among Adolescents in a Chinese Population," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-9, May.
    2. Sehrish Naveed & Timo Lakka & Eero A. Haapala, 2020. "An Overview on the Associations between Health Behaviors and Brain Health in Children and Adolescents with Special Reference to Diet Quality," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-20, February.
    3. Tomislav Krističević & Lovro Štefan & Goran Sporiš, 2018. "The Associations between Sleep Duration and Sleep Quality with Body-Mass Index in a Large Sample of Young Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-10, April.
    4. Jerzy Gębski & Marzena Jezewska-Zychowicz & Dominika Guzek & Monika Świątkowska & Dagmara Stangierska & Marta Plichta, 2018. "The Associations between Dietary Patterns and Short Sleep Duration in Polish Adults (LifeStyle Study)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-16, November.
    5. A. Coutrot & A. S. Lazar & M. Richards & E. Manley & J. M. Wiener & R. C. Dalton & M. Hornberger & H. J. Spiers, 2022. "Reported sleep duration reveals segmentation of the adult life-course into three phases," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.

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