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Effects of In Utero Exposure to Di-n-Butyl Phthalate on Testicular Development in Rat

Author

Listed:
  • Tan Ma

    (Immunology and Reproduction Biology Laboratory & State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
    Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Xiaoqin Yin

    (Immunology and Reproduction Biology Laboratory & State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
    Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Ruitong Han

    (Immunology and Reproduction Biology Laboratory & State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
    Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China)

  • Jie Ding

    (Immunology and Reproduction Biology Laboratory & State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
    Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China)

  • Huan Zhang

    (Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden)

  • Xiaodong Han

    (Immunology and Reproduction Biology Laboratory & State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
    Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China)

  • Dongmei Li

    (Immunology and Reproduction Biology Laboratory & State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
    Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China)

Abstract

Humans are inevitably exposed to ubiquitous phthalate esters (PAEs). In utero exposure to di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) induces abnormal development of the testis and reproductive tract in male offspring, which correspond closely with the human condition of testicular dysgenesis syndrome (TDS)-like syndrome. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been elucidated in detail. In this study, pregnant rats were orally exposed to either corn oil (controls) or DBP at three different doses by gavage during Gestational Days 12.5–21.5. Pathological examinations were performed for toxicity evaluation. Proliferation and apoptosis related proteins (ras related dexamethasone induced 1 (Rasd1), mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases1/2 (MEK1/2), Bcl-2, and Bax) were measured for mechanisms exploration. The results showed that different doses of DBP caused male developmental and reproductive toxicity in rats, including the decrease of anogenital distance (AGD), the histological damage of testis, and apoptosis of seminiferous tubule cells. Our data suggested that DBP played chronic and continuous toxic roles on male reproductive system by disrupting expression of Rasd1 and MEK1/2 as well as Bcl-2/Bax ratio. Further research is warranted.

Suggested Citation

  • Tan Ma & Xiaoqin Yin & Ruitong Han & Jie Ding & Huan Zhang & Xiaodong Han & Dongmei Li, 2017. "Effects of In Utero Exposure to Di-n-Butyl Phthalate on Testicular Development in Rat," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-12, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:14:y:2017:i:10:p:1284-:d:116190
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Xueping Chen & Shisan Xu & Tianfeng Tan & Sin Ting Lee & Shuk Han Cheng & Fred Wang Fat Lee & Steven Jing Liang Xu & Kin Chung Ho, 2014. "Toxicity and Estrogenic Endocrine Disrupting Activity of Phthalates and Their Mixtures," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-13, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Ling Guo & Jia-Jin Lin & Yi-Zhe Xue & Guang-Zhou An & Jun-Ping Zhang & Ke-Ying Zhang & Wei He & Huan Wang & Wei Li & Gui-Rong Ding, 2019. "Effects of 220 MHz Pulsed Modulated Radiofrequency Field on the Sperm Quality in Rats," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-12, April.
    2. Tingting Ma & Wei Zhou & Like Chen & Peter Christie & Yongming Luo & Peng Wu, 2019. "Phthalate Ester Contamination in Intensively Managed Greenhouse Facilities and the Assessment of Carcinogenic and Non-Carcinogenic Risk: A Regional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-20, August.

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