IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v12y2015i9p11815-11828d55994.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The Risk of Reported Cryptosporidiosis in Children Aged <5 Years in Australia is Highest in Very Remote Regions

Author

Listed:
  • Aparna Lal

    (National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Building 62, Australian National University, Acton, Canberra 2602, Australia)

  • Emily Fearnley

    (National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Building 62, Australian National University, Acton, Canberra 2602, Australia)

  • Martyn Kirk

    (National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Building 62, Australian National University, Acton, Canberra 2602, Australia)

Abstract

The incidence of cryptosporidiosis is highest in children <5 years, yet little is known about disease patterns across urban and rural areas of Australia. In this study, we examine whether the risk of reported cryptosporidiosis in children <5 years varies across an urban-rural gradient, after controlling for season and gender. Using Australian data on reported cryptosporidiosis from 2001 to 2012, we spatially linked disease data to an index of geographic remoteness to examine the geographic variation in cryptosporidiosis risk using negative binomial regression. The Incidence Risk Ratio (IRR) of reported cryptosporidiosis was higher in inner regional (IRR 1.4 95% CI 1.2–1.7, p < 0.001), and outer regional areas (IRR 2.4 95% CI 2.2–2.9, p < 0.001), and in remote (IRR 5.2 95% CI 4.3–6.2, p < 0.001) and very remote (IRR 8.2 95% CI 6.9–9.8, p < 0.001) areas, compared to major cities. A linear test for trend showed a statistically significant trend with increasing remoteness. Remote communities need to be a priority for future targeted health promotion and disease prevention interventions to reduce cryptosporidiosis in children <5 years.

Suggested Citation

  • Aparna Lal & Emily Fearnley & Martyn Kirk, 2015. "The Risk of Reported Cryptosporidiosis in Children Aged <5 Years in Australia is Highest in Very Remote Regions," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-14, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:12:y:2015:i:9:p:11815-11828:d:55994
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/12/9/11815/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/12/9/11815/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Uejio, C.K. & Yale, S.H. & Malecki, K. & Borchardt, M.A. & Anderson, H.A. & Patz, J.A., 2014. "Drinking water systems, hydrology, and childhood gastrointestinal illness in central and northern wisconsin," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 104(4), pages 639-646.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Aparna Lal, 2016. "Spatial Modelling Tools to Integrate Public Health and Environmental Science, Illustrated with Infectious Cryptosporidiosis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-8, February.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. John Luczaj & Kevin Masarik, 2015. "Groundwater Quantity and Quality Issues in a Water-Rich Region: Examples from Wisconsin, USA," Resources, MDPI, vol. 4(2), pages 1-35, June.
    2. Pascal Beaudeau, 2018. "A Systematic Review of the Time Series Studies Addressing the Endemic Risk of Acute Gastroenteritis According to Drinking Water Operation Conditions in Urban Areas of Developed Countries," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-25, April.
    3. Pin Wang & Ernest Asare & Virginia E. Pitzer & Robert Dubrow & Kai Chen, 2022. "Associations between long-term drought and diarrhea among children under five in low- and middle-income countries," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-10, December.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:12:y:2015:i:9:p:11815-11828:d:55994. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.