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A Novel Computation of Delay Margin Based on Grey Wolf Optimisation for a Load Frequency Control of Two-Area-Network Power Systems

Author

Listed:
  • Mohammad Haziq Ibrahim

    (Electrical & Electronic Engineering Programme Area, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawan BE1410, Brunei
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Ang Swee Peng

    (Electrical & Electronic Engineering Programme Area, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawan BE1410, Brunei
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Muhammad Norfauzi Dani

    (Electrical & Electronic Engineering Programme Area, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawan BE1410, Brunei)

  • Ashraf Khalil

    (DTU Engineering Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2750 Ballerup, Denmark)

  • Kah Haw Law

    (Electrical & Electronic Engineering Programme Area, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawan BE1410, Brunei)

  • Sharina Yunus

    (Electrical & Electronic Engineering Programme Area, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawan BE1410, Brunei)

  • Mohammad Ishlah Rahman

    (School of Science and Engineering, Politeknik Brunei, Ministry of Education, Bandar Seri Begawan BA1311, Brunei)

  • Thien Wan Au

    (School of Computing and Informatics, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawan BE1410, Brunei)

Abstract

In classical power systems, frequency measurements are transferred via a specialised communication channel, resulting in time delay. The time delay plays a major role in a power system, which can reduce the dynamic performance of the load–frequency control (LFC) system and can destabilise the system. The research to date has tended to focus on developing a new algorithm to determine the delay margin (DM) rather than looking into a hybrid algorithm which includes a nature-inspired metaheuristic optimisation technique. This paper introduces a novel method for computing the DM based on grey wolf optimisation (GWO), specifically for the constant time delay. In the proposed method, GWO is employed to optimise the minimum error of the spectral radius and to determine the best design variable of the crossing frequency. With the help of the proposed method, the sweeping range is no longer required, which improves the accuracy of the result. To evaluate the proposed method, a two-area network power system is considered as a case study. Furthermore, the effect of the PI controller gains on the DM is taken into account. The proposed method efficacy is demonstrated by comparing it with the most recently published methods. The results demonstrate that the proposed method is remarkably better than the existing methods found in the literature, where the smallest percentage inaccuracy using the simulation-based DM based on GWO is found to be 0.000%.

Suggested Citation

  • Mohammad Haziq Ibrahim & Ang Swee Peng & Muhammad Norfauzi Dani & Ashraf Khalil & Kah Haw Law & Sharina Yunus & Mohammad Ishlah Rahman & Thien Wan Au, 2023. "A Novel Computation of Delay Margin Based on Grey Wolf Optimisation for a Load Frequency Control of Two-Area-Network Power Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-19, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:6:p:2860-:d:1101946
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ashraf Khalil & Ang Swee Peng, 2018. "A New Method for Computing the Delay Margin for the Stability of Load Frequency Control Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-18, December.
    2. Wenxi Feng & Yanshan Xie & Fei Luo & Xianyong Zhang & Wenyong Duan, 2021. "Enhanced Stability Criteria of Network-Based Load Frequency Control of Power Systems with Time-Varying Delays," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-22, September.
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