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Study on SI Engine Operation Stability at Lean Condition—The Effect of a Small Amount of Hydrogen Addition

Author

Listed:
  • Jacek Leyko

    (Department of Vehicles and Fundamentals of Machine Design, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego Street 1/15, 90-537 Lodz, Poland)

  • Kamil Słobiński

    (Department of Vehicles and Fundamentals of Machine Design, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego Street 1/15, 90-537 Lodz, Poland)

  • Jarosław Jaworski

    (Department of Vehicles and Fundamentals of Machine Design, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego Street 1/15, 90-537 Lodz, Poland)

  • Grzegorz Mitukiewicz

    (Department of Vehicles and Fundamentals of Machine Design, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego Street 1/15, 90-537 Lodz, Poland)

  • Wissam Bou Nader

    (Stellantis, Technical Center of Vélizy, 78943 Vélizy-Villacoublay, France)

  • Damian Batory

    (Department of Vehicles and Fundamentals of Machine Design, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego Street 1/15, 90-537 Lodz, Poland)

Abstract

The lean-burn mode is a solution that reduces the fuel consumption of spark-ignition internal combustion engines and keeps the low exhaust emission, but the stability of the lean-burn combustion process, especially at low loads, needs to be addressed. Enhancing gasoline with hybrid hydrogen oxygen (HHO) gas—a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen gases—is proposed to improve combustion of the lean-gasoline mixture. A three-cylinder, spark-ignition, naturally aspirated, MPI engine with HHO gas produced with an alkaline water electrolyzer and introduced as a gasoline enhancement was tested. The amount of hydrogen added to the lean-gasoline mixture (λ = 1.4) was in the range from 0.15 to 1.5%, and the results were compared to the stoichiometric (λ = 1) and pure lean mode (λ = 1.4) gasoline operation. The other authors’ results show that a minimum 3% of the mass fraction of hydrogen is necessary to affect the gasoline combustion process. This paper proved that even a small hydrogen enhancement of gasoline in the amount of 0.3% of the mass fraction improves the combustion stability.

Suggested Citation

  • Jacek Leyko & Kamil Słobiński & Jarosław Jaworski & Grzegorz Mitukiewicz & Wissam Bou Nader & Damian Batory, 2023. "Study on SI Engine Operation Stability at Lean Condition—The Effect of a Small Amount of Hydrogen Addition," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-14, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:18:p:6659-:d:1241569
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