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Experimental Research of Shale Pellet Swelling in Nano-Based Drilling Muds

Author

Listed:
  • Borivoje Pašić

    (Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Nediljka Gaurina-Međimurec

    (Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Petar Mijić

    (Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Igor Medved

    (Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

Abstract

The drilling of clay-rich formations, such as shale, is an extremely demanding technical and technological process. Shale consists of mixed clay minerals in different ratios and in contact with water from drilling mud. It tends to swell and cause different wellbore instability problems. Usually, the petroleum industry uses various types of salt and/or polymers as shale hydration inhibitors. The aim of this research was to determine whether nanoparticles can be used as shale swelling inhibitors because due to their small size they can enter the shale nanopores, plug them and stop further penetration of mud filtrate into the shale formation. Swelling of bentonite-calcium carbonate pellets after 2 and 24 h in water and drilling mud (water, bentonite, PAC and NaOH) without nanoparticles and with addition of TiO 2 (0.5, 1 and 1.5 wt%) and SiO 2 (0.5, 1 and 1.5 wt%) nanoparticles was measured using a linear swell meter. Additionally, granulometric analyses of bentonite as well as the zeta potential of tested muds containing nanoparticles were performed. Based on the laboratory research, it can generally be concluded that the addition of SiO 2 and TiO 2 nanoparticles in water and base drilling mud reduces the swelling of pellets up to 40.06%.

Suggested Citation

  • Borivoje Pašić & Nediljka Gaurina-Međimurec & Petar Mijić & Igor Medved, 2020. "Experimental Research of Shale Pellet Swelling in Nano-Based Drilling Muds," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-17, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:23:p:6246-:d:451856
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Muhammad Ali & Husna Hayati Jarni & Adnan Aftab & Abdul Razak Ismail & Noori M. Cata Saady & Muhammad Faraz Sahito & Alireza Keshavarz & Stefan Iglauer & Mohammad Sarmadivaleh, 2020. "Nanomaterial-Based Drilling Fluids for Exploitation of Unconventional Reservoirs: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-30, July.
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