IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v13y2020i21p5647-d436397.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Theoretical Study on Cryogen Spray Cooling in Laser Treatment of Ota’s Nevus: Comparison and Optimization of R134a, R404A and R32

Author

Listed:
  • Jiameng Tian

    (State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
    School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China)

  • Bin Chen

    (State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China)

  • Zhifu Zhou

    (State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China)

  • Dong Li

    (State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China)

Abstract

Cryogen spray cooling (CSC) could be applied clinically for the laser therapy of Ota’s nevus, a dermal hyperplastic pigmented disease with a morbidity rate of 0.1–0.6% in the Asian population. An accurate, efficient, complete simulation system that considers the entire spray cooling process, including cryogen flow in the tube nozzle, spray dynamics and internal phase change heat transfer (cold injury) in skin tissue, was established to determine suitable cryogen and cooling parameters. The optimum spray distances for R134a, R404A and R32 were determined to be 66.0, 43.1 and 22.5 mm, respectively. The corresponding maximum surface heat fluxes were 363.5, 459.9, and 603.6 kW∙m −2 , respectively. The maximum surface heat flux of R32 with small spray distance was 1.66 times as large as that of R134a, indicating the potentially good cooling performance and precise targeted cooling of R32 during the laser therapy of Ota’s nevus. The cooling durations that caused cold injury of skin tissue were 2.3, 1.4, and 1.1 s for R134a, R404A, and R32, respectively. The interval between CSC and laser irradiation was optimized to 90–162 ms for R134a, R404A and R32, in consideration of the cooling effect, depth, uniformity, and risk of cold injury.

Suggested Citation

  • Jiameng Tian & Bin Chen & Zhifu Zhou & Dong Li, 2020. "Theoretical Study on Cryogen Spray Cooling in Laser Treatment of Ota’s Nevus: Comparison and Optimization of R134a, R404A and R32," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-20, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:21:p:5647-:d:436397
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/21/5647/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/21/5647/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Tianshi Zhang & Ziming Mo & Xiaoyu Xu & Xiaoyan Liu & Haopeng Chen & Zhiwu Han & Yuying Yan & Yingai Jin, 2022. "Advanced Study of Spray Cooling: From Theories to Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-40, December.
    2. Jing Yin & Shangming Wang & Xuehao Sang & Zhifu Zhou & Bin Chen & Panidis Thrassos & Alexandros Romeos & Athanasios Giannadakis, 2022. "Spray Cooling as a High-Efficient Thermal Management Solution: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-29, November.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:21:p:5647-:d:436397. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.