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The Deactivation of Industrial SCR Catalysts—A Short Review

Author

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  • Agnieszka Szymaszek

    (Faculty of Energy and Fuels, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland)

  • Bogdan Samojeden

    (Faculty of Energy and Fuels, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland)

  • Monika Motak

    (Faculty of Energy and Fuels, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland)

Abstract

One of the most harmful compounds are nitrogen oxides. Currently, the common industrial method of nitrogen oxides emission control is selective catalytic reduction with ammonia (NH 3 -SCR). Among all of the recognized measures, NH 3 -SCR is the most effective and reaches even up to 90% of NOx conversion. The presence of the catalyst provides the surface for the reaction to proceed and lowers the activation energy. The optimum temperature of the process is in the range of 150–450 °C and the majority of the commercial installations utilize vanadium oxide (V 2 O 5 ) supported on titanium oxide (TiO 2 ) in a form of anatase, wash coated on a honeycomb monolith or deposited on a plate-like structures. In order to improve the mechanical stability and chemical resistance, the system is usually promoted with tungsten oxide (WO 3 ) or molybdenum oxide (MoO3). The efficiency of the commercial V 2 O 5 -WO 3 -TiO 2 catalyst of NH 3 -SCR, can be gradually decreased with time of its utilization. Apart from the physical deactivation, such as high temperature sintering, attrition and loss of the active elements by volatilization, the system can suffer from chemical poisoning. All of the presented deactivating agents pass for the most severe poisons of V 2 O 5 -WO 3 -TiO 2 . In order to minimize the harmful influence of H 2 O, SO 2 , alkali metals, heavy metals and halogens, a number of methods has been developed. Some of them improve the resistance to poisons and some are focused on recovery of the catalytic system. Nevertheless, since the amount of highly contaminated fuels combusted in power plants and industry gradually increases, more effective poisoning-preventing and regeneration measures are still in high demand.

Suggested Citation

  • Agnieszka Szymaszek & Bogdan Samojeden & Monika Motak, 2020. "The Deactivation of Industrial SCR Catalysts—A Short Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-25, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:15:p:3870-:d:391253
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Samojeden, Bogdan & Grzybek, Teresa, 2016. "The influence of the promotion of N-modified activated carbon with iron on NO removal by NH3-SCR (Selective catalytic reduction)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 116(P3), pages 1484-1491.
    2. Sumera Aziz Ali & Savera Aziz Ali & Nadir Suhail, 2017. "Ozone Depletion, a Big Threat to Climate Change: What can be Done?," Global Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Juniper Publishers Inc., vol. 1(2), pages 31-35, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Skabelund, Brent B. & Stechel, Ellen B. & Milcarek, Ryan J., 2023. "Thermodynamic analysis of a gas turbine utilizing ternary CH4/H2/NH3 fuel blends," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).

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