IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v12y2019i12p2323-d240682.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Influence Factors on Carbon Monoxide Accumulation in Biomass Pellet Storage

Author

Listed:
  • José Ignacio Arranz

    (Department of Mechanical, Energy and Materials Engineering, School of Industrial Engineering, Avda. Elvas s/n, 06006 Badajoz, Spain)

  • María Teresa Miranda

    (Department of Mechanical, Energy and Materials Engineering, School of Industrial Engineering, Avda. Elvas s/n, 06006 Badajoz, Spain)

  • Irene Montero

    (Department of Mechanical, Energy and Materials Engineering, School of Industrial Engineering, Avda. Elvas s/n, 06006 Badajoz, Spain)

  • Sergio Nogales

    (Department of Mechanical, Energy and Materials Engineering, School of Industrial Engineering, Avda. Elvas s/n, 06006 Badajoz, Spain)

  • Francisco José Sepúlveda

    (Department of Mechanical, Energy and Materials Engineering, School of Industrial Engineering, Avda. Elvas s/n, 06006 Badajoz, Spain)

Abstract

During biomass storage, some gases can be produced and reach dangerous levels to human health. Among them, carbon monoxide is especially worrying, due to its potentially lethal effects and its contribution to the greenhouse effect. High levels of this gas could be reached, depending on many factors, such as unsuitable ventilation in storage areas or raw material characteristics. The aim of this research study was to assess the levels of CO produced during pellet storage at a laboratory scale, depending on the ventilation conditions (changing the amount of sample and frequency), the pellet characteristics (eucalyptus and cork residue pellets), and variables that influence CO levels. A greater number of pellets (when not ventilated) increased CO levels and discontinuous ventilation did not reduce these levels once the space was isolated again. Cork samples provoked higher CO emissions, possibly due to its higher fat content and surface area, which promotes the interaction between air and fatty acids (that is, the auto-oxidation of the samples and the subsequent release of CO). Consequently, continuous and good ventilation is required, especially until CO production from wood auto-oxidation is complete.

Suggested Citation

  • José Ignacio Arranz & María Teresa Miranda & Irene Montero & Sergio Nogales & Francisco José Sepúlveda, 2019. "Influence Factors on Carbon Monoxide Accumulation in Biomass Pellet Storage," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-12, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:12:p:2323-:d:240682
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/12/2323/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/12/2323/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jaya Shankar Tumuluru & C. Jim Lim & Xiaotao T. Bi & Xingya Kuang & Staffan Melin & Fahimeh Yazdanpanah & Shahab Sokhansanj, 2015. "Analysis on Storage Off-Gas Emissions from Woody, Herbaceous, and Torrefied Biomass," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(3), pages 1-15, March.
    2. Jämsén, M. & Agar, D. & Alakoski, E. & Tampio, E. & Wihersaari, M., 2015. "Measurement methodology for greenhouse gas emissions from storage of forest chips–A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 1617-1623.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Bruno Rafael de Almeida Moreira & Ronaldo da Silva Viana & Victor Hugo Cruz & Paulo Renato Matos Lopes & Celso Tadao Miasaki & Anderson Chagas Magalhães & Paulo Alexandre Monteiro de Figueiredo & Luca, 2020. "Anti-Thermal Shock Binding of Liquid-State Food Waste to Non-Wood Pellets," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-26, June.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Xiao He & Anthony K. Lau & Shahab Sokhansanj, 2019. "Effect of Moisture on Gas Emissions from Stored Woody Biomass," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-14, December.
    2. Sahoo, Kamalakanta & Bilek, E.M. (Ted) & Mani, Sudhagar, 2018. "Techno-economic and environmental assessments of storing woodchips and pellets for bioenergy applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 27-39.
    3. Grzegorz Maj, 2018. "Emission Factors and Energy Properties of Agro and Forest Biomass in Aspect of Sustainability of Energy Sector," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-12, June.
    4. Adrian Knapczyk & Sławomir Francik & Marcin Jewiarz & Agnieszka Zawiślak & Renata Francik, 2020. "Thermal Treatment of Biomass: A Bibliometric Analysis—The Torrefaction Case," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-31, December.
    5. Bruno Rafael de Almeida Moreira & Ronaldo da Silva Viana & Victor Hugo Cruz & Paulo Renato Matos Lopes & Celso Tadao Miasaki & Anderson Chagas Magalhães & Paulo Alexandre Monteiro de Figueiredo & Luca, 2020. "Anti-Thermal Shock Binding of Liquid-State Food Waste to Non-Wood Pellets," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-26, June.
    6. Alakoski, Esa & Jämsén, Miia & Agar, David & Tampio, Elina & Wihersaari, Margareta, 2016. "From wood pellets to wood chips, risks of degradation and emissions from the storage of woody biomass – A short review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 376-383.
    7. Jaya Shankar Tumuluru, 2019. "Pelleting of Pine and Switchgrass Blends: Effect of Process Variables and Blend Ratio on the Pellet Quality and Energy Consumption," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-26, March.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:12:p:2323-:d:240682. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.