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The Impact of Auxin and Cytokinin on the Growth and Development of Selected Crops

Author

Listed:
  • Jacek Sosnowski

    (Institute of Agriculture and Horticulture, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Prusa 14, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland)

  • Milena Truba

    (Institute of Agriculture and Horticulture, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Prusa 14, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland)

  • Viliana Vasileva

    (Institute of Forage Crops, 89 “General Vladimir Vazov” Str., Agricultural Academy, 5800 Pleven, Bulgaria)

Abstract

With a very diverse structure and small molecules, phytohormones are regulators of plant growth and development. Despite the fact that they are synthesized by plants in small quantities, they are highly active physiologically. According to their action, phytohormones can be divided into two categories, as either activators of plant growth and development or as inhibitors, with auxins and cytokinins belonging to the former group. Auxins are synthesized by plants in the apical meristems of shoots, but also in young leaves, seeds, and fruits. They stimulate the elongation growth of shoots and initiate the production of adventitious and lateral roots. Cytokinins, in turn, are formed in root tips and in unripe fruits and seeds. These hormones are responsible for stimulating the growth of lateral shoots, they also stimulate cytokinesis and, consequently, cell division. The aim of this review paper is to present the progress of the research on the effect of selected auxins and cytokinins on crops, considering the prospect of using them in plant growing methods.

Suggested Citation

  • Jacek Sosnowski & Milena Truba & Viliana Vasileva, 2023. "The Impact of Auxin and Cytokinin on the Growth and Development of Selected Crops," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-14, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:13:y:2023:i:3:p:724-:d:1103607
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jiří Friml & Justyna Wiśniewska & Eva Benková & Kurt Mendgen & Klaus Palme, 2002. "Lateral relocation of auxin efflux regulator PIN3 mediates tropism in Arabidopsis," Nature, Nature, vol. 415(6873), pages 806-809, February.
    2. Jiří Friml & Anne Vieten & Michael Sauer & Dolf Weijers & Heinz Schwarz & Thorsten Hamann & Remko Offringa & Gerd Jürgens, 2003. "Efflux-dependent auxin gradients establish the apical–basal axis of Arabidopsis," Nature, Nature, vol. 426(6963), pages 147-153, November.
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