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Drought Stress Amelioration in Maize ( Zea mays L.) by Inoculation of Bacillus spp. Strains under Sterile Soil Conditions

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  • Muhammad Azeem

    (Department of Biochemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
    This research work is the part of M.Phil. thesis of Muhammad Azeem.)

  • Muhammad Zulqurnain Haider

    (Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan)

  • Sadia Javed

    (Department of Biochemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Hamzah Saleem

    (College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China)

  • Aishah Alatawi

    (Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Tabuk University, Tabuk 71421, Saudi Arabia)

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to promote plant growth characteristics including mineral uptake and various phytohormone production by indigenously isolated Bacillus spp. strains. Plants subjected to normal and water stress conditions were collected after 21 days to measure physiological parameters, photosynthetic pigment estimation, biochemical attributes, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme response modulation. Our results correlated with drought stress amelioration with the inoculation of Bacillus spp. strains BEB1, BEB2, BEB3 and BEB4 under sterile soil condition. Inoculated plants of both maize cultivars showed increases in fresh (56.12%) and dry (103.5%) biomass, plant length (42.48%), photosynthetic pigments (32.76%), and biochemical attributes with enhanced nutrient uptake. The overall maize antioxidant response to bacterial inoculation lowered the malonaldehyde level (59.14%), generation of hydrogen peroxide (45.75%) and accumulation of flavonoid contents in both control and water stress condition. Activity of antioxidant enzymes, catalase (62.96%), peroxidase (23.46%), ascorbate peroxidase (24.44%), and superoxide dismutase (55.69%) were also decreased with the application of bacterial treatment. Stress amelioration is dependent on a specific plant–strain interaction evident in the differences in the evaluated biochemical attributes, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant responses. Such bacteria could be used for enhancing the crop productivity and plant protection under biotic and abiotic stresses for sustainable agriculture.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhammad Azeem & Muhammad Zulqurnain Haider & Sadia Javed & Muhammad Hamzah Saleem & Aishah Alatawi, 2022. "Drought Stress Amelioration in Maize ( Zea mays L.) by Inoculation of Bacillus spp. Strains under Sterile Soil Conditions," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-21, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:12:y:2022:i:1:p:50-:d:715890
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    Cited by:

    1. Sarmad Bashir & Sadia Javed & Khalid Mashay Al-Anazi & Mohammad Abul Farah & Sajad Ali, 2022. "Bioremediation of Cadmium Toxicity in Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) Plants Primed with L-Proline, Bacillus subtilis and Aspergillus niger," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-17, October.

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