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Carotenoid Content and Bioaccessibility in Commercial Maize Hybrids

Author

Listed:
  • Dora Zurak

    (Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Darko Grbeša

    (Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Marija Duvnjak

    (Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Goran Kiš

    (Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Tatjana Međimurec

    (Ministry of Agriculture, Directorate for Professional Support to the Development of Agriculture and Fisheries, Bani 110, Buzin, 10010 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Kristina Kljak

    (Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to determine the content and bioaccessibility of carotenoids in 104 maize hybrids available at the market. Lutein, zeaxanthin, α- and β-cryptoxanthin, and β-carotene were determined in whole grains and micelles produced during standardized INFOGEST digestibility analysis, and their bioaccessibility was calculated as the ratio of micellar and grain carotenoids. Tested hybrids varied in total carotenoid content, with 34% having total carotenoid content in the range of 15–20 µg/g dry matter (DM) and 41% in the range of 20–25 µg/g DM. The amount of bioaccessible carotenoids increased linearly ( p < 0.05) with increasing content in the grain, and decreased among determined carotenoidsd in the order: lutein (52%) > zeaxanthin (43%) > β-carotene (43%) > α-cryptoxanthin (27%) > β-cryptoxanthin (26%). Bioaccessibility of lutein, zeaxanthin, and β-carotene decreased with increasing content in the grain ( p < 0.05). On average, only 43% of the total carotenoids were bioaccessible in commercial maize hybrids tested, which should be considered when formulating an animal diet.

Suggested Citation

  • Dora Zurak & Darko Grbeša & Marija Duvnjak & Goran Kiš & Tatjana Međimurec & Kristina Kljak, 2021. "Carotenoid Content and Bioaccessibility in Commercial Maize Hybrids," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-12, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:11:y:2021:i:7:p:586-:d:581611
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Haihai Wang & Yongcai Huang & Qiao Xiao & Xing Huang & Changsheng Li & Xiaoyan Gao & Qiong Wang & Xiaoli Xiang & Yidong Zhu & Jiechen Wang & Wenqin Wang & Brian A. Larkins & Yongrui Wu, 2020. "Carotenoids modulate kernel texture in maize by influencing amyloplast envelope integrity," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 11(1), pages 1-13, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Kristina Kljak & Marija Duvnjak & Dalibor Bedeković & Goran Kiš & Zlatko Janječić & Darko Grbeša, 2021. "Commercial Corn Hybrids as a Single Source of Dietary Carotenoids: Effect on Egg Yolk Carotenoid Profile and Pigmentation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-13, November.

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