Spatial Organization of Global Value Chains in the Optical and Electronic Equipment Industry

The increasing complexity of global value chains, the trends of globalization and deglobalization, the desire of some developing countries for resourcing and niashoring, economic shocks and trade wars, all this leads to a reconfiguration of trade flows and has a particularly significant impact on high-tech sectors, which include the optical and electronic equipment sector. The results of this article are based on combining two approaches to the study of trade flows between countries: value-added trade and the decomposition of value added into domestic and foreign components using the input-output method and the network approach. The ADB MRIO input-output tables for 2017 and 2022 for 73 countries were used to build a global map of trade flows, and the ADB MRIO input-output tables for 2000, 2007–2022 for 63 countries were used to study the specifics of Russia’s participation in the GVCs. The result of the study was the construction of a network structure of the spatial organization of global production systems in the optical and electronic equipment industry, the definition of the characteristics and features of the network, as well as the specifics of Russia’s involvement in global value chains in this sector. The resulting network model made it possible to determine the presence of 6 clusters that form interconnections according to the «core-periphery» principle, as well as to identify the specifics of the formation and development of these clusters. The core of the model consists of three mega-level centers of the PRC, the USA and the Republic of Korea, around which three global clusters and three sub-cores have formed, controlled by the main cores, which stand out significantly from the general periphery, the centers of which are Japan, Germany and Taiwan. An analysis of the network’s dynamics over the period under study showed its following features: stability and stability, formation by industry rather than geographical basis, increased involvement in the GVCs between the cores on the one hand and large Asian economies and small European countries on the other. The analysis of the specifics of Russia’s participation in the global production system of the industry under study showed the predominance of upward links with a high content of domestic added value in exports, the presence of strong relationships with domestic enterprises, high localization of production and weak dynamics of involvement in the GVCs