Marital Dispute and Separation in African Patriarchal Setting: A Cultural Appraisal in Flora Nwapa’s Idu

It is sometimes erroneous to limit the African patriarchal system to one that oppresses and stifles the female gender to the profit of the male gender. On the contrary, evidence in Flora Nwapa’s Idu shows, through some customs and traditions, that the African patriarchy often forces the male gender to make some compromise for the survival of the household. This study aims to show how, in the case of marital dispute and separation, the African patriarchal system paves the way for fair interaction and mutual understanding, irrespective of gender. The study uses cultural, womanist and radical feminist theories and is based on the assumption that married women enjoy the freedom to make decision when they abide by societal cultural rules and regulations. Findings show that, to prevent family dysfunction in African society, especially in Igbo society, patriarchal rules and regulations compel married men to make concessions. In addition, it is observed that although the African patriarchal system might be marred by shortcomings, Flora Nwapa, through her womanist stance, has revealed its positive aspect, which justifies her fight to educate her female pairs by referring to Igbo cultural values that refute any radicalism in women’s relationships with their husbands. Thus, this work has filled a critical gap in the existing body of knowledge by offering an alternative interpretation of African patriarchal systems, moving beyond a purely negative portrayal. It has provided new insights into how traditional customs and values, particularly in Igbo society, can actually empower women in certain marital situations. By analyzing Flora Nwapa’s ‘Idu’, the study contributes a literary perspective to socio-cultural discussions, enriching the understanding of gender dynamics within African contexts.