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Efectos de saltos inesperados en el gasto público y variables demográficas en el crecimiento económico. El caso mexicano con un enfoque GARCH con saltos (1936-2012)

Author

Listed:
  • Castillo-Ramírez, Claudia Estrella

    (Departamento de Finanzas y Contaduría, Universidad de las Américas Puebla)

  • Venegas-Martínez, Francisco

    (Escuela Superior de Economía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

  • López-Herrera, Francisco

    (División de Investigación, Facultad de Contaduría y Administración, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México)

Abstract

This paper is aimed at developing a stochastic macroeconomic model useful to explain the effects of unexpected jumps in government spending per capita and in demographic variables on per capita economic growth. To do this, it is assumed that the stochastic dynamics of output and population are driven by mixed diffusion-jumps processes modulated by a Markov Chain. The most important results are that extreme sudden jumps in government spending per capita and in the population growth rate impact negatively the rate of per capita output growth. In particular, if there is a sudden sharp jump in the rate of population growth, then capital per capita suddenly decreases impacting negatively per capita output. Finally, the theoretical findings are supplemented with empirical evidence about the Mexican case obtained through a model that takes in account the volatility of the growth rates of the population and the per capita public expense as well as the surprises in the jump intensities of both variables.// Este artículo desarrolla un modelo estocástico macroeconómico útil para explicar los efectos que tienen los saltos inesperados en el gasto de gobierno per cápita y en variables demográficas en el crecimiento económico per cápita. Para ello se supone que las dinámicas estocásticas del gasto público y de la población son conducidas por procesos de difusión con saltos modulados por una cadena de Markov. Los resultados más importantes son que los saltos bruscos e inesperados en el gasto público per cápita y en el crecimiento de la población impactan negativamente la tasa de crecimiento per cápita del producto. En particular, si hay un salto brusco y repentino en la tasa de crecimiento de la población, entonces el capital per cápita disminuye repentinamente impactando con ello negativamente el producto per cápita. Por último, los resultados teóricos encontrados se complementan con evidencia empírica del caso mexicano obtenida mediante un modelo que toma en cuenta tanto la volatilidad de las tasas de crecimiento de la población y del gasto público per cápita así como las sorpresas en la intensidad de los saltos en esas variables

Suggested Citation

  • Castillo-Ramírez, Claudia Estrella & Venegas-Martínez, Francisco & López-Herrera, Francisco, 2016. "Efectos de saltos inesperados en el gasto público y variables demográficas en el crecimiento económico. El caso mexicano con un enfoque GARCH con saltos (1936-2012)," El Trimestre Económico, Fondo de Cultura Económica, vol. 0(332), pages .725-745, octubre-d.
  • Handle: RePEc:elt:journl:v:83:y:2016:i:332:p:725-745
    DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20430/ete.v83i332.237
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    crecimiento económico; gasto de gobierno; economía demográfica; GARCH con saltos.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F43 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - Economic Growth of Open Economies
    • H50 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - General
    • J10 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - General

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