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El efecto de la liberalización comercial sobre los márgenes de precios a costos marginales del sector manufacturero. El caso de México, 1994-2003

Author

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  • López, Gabriela

    (Banco de México)

Abstract

This paper analyzes the effect of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) on Mexican manufacturing price cost margins (PCMs) for the period 1994-2003. Taking into account the sensitivity of each industry to the speed of the tariff reductions under NAFTA, the results show that PCMs immediately decreased once the second round of trade liberalization in Mexico had commenced in 1994. However, in subsequent years, no clear pattern emerges for these PCMs. Additionally, the paper accounts for the sensitivity of each industry to the initial level of its tariff and presents evidence showing that while NAFTA had an effect on the PCMs of the group of industries that liberalized in 10 years, no robust effect was found for the group of industries that liberalized in five years.// Este artículo analiza el efecto del Tratado de Libre Comercio de América del Norte (TLCAN) sobre los márgenes de precio a costos marginales (MPCM) del sector manufacturero en México durante el periodo 1994-2003. Tomando en consideración la sensibilidad de cada industria a la rapidez con la que se eliminan los aranceles bajo el TLCAN, los resultados muestran que los MPCM cayeron inmediatamente después de que comenzó en México la segunda ronda de liberalización comercial en 1994. Sin embargo, en años subsecuentes, no emerge un patrón claro para estos MPCM. Adicionalmente, el estudio toma en cuenta la sensibilidad de cada industria al nivel inicial de su arancel y presenta evidencia que muestra que mientras que el TLCAN sí tuvo un efecto sobre los MPCM de aquellas industrias que liberalizaron en 10 años, no se encontró un efecto robusto sobre los MPCM de las industrias que liberalizaron en cinco años

Suggested Citation

  • López, Gabriela, 2015. "El efecto de la liberalización comercial sobre los márgenes de precios a costos marginales del sector manufacturero. El caso de México, 1994-2003," El Trimestre Económico, Fondo de Cultura Económica, vol. 0(327), pages .583-616, julio-sep.
  • Handle: RePEc:elt:journl:v:82:y:2015:i:327:p:583-616
    DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20430/ete.v82i327.178
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    márgenes de precio a costos marginales; liberalización del comercio; TLCAN;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F13 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations
    • F1 - International Economics - - Trade
    • L11 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure; Size Distribution of Firms

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