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Distribución del ingreso, impuestos y transferencias en México. Un análisis de equilibrio general aplicado

Author

Listed:
  • Casares, Enrique R.

    (Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Azcapotzalco)

  • García, María Guadalupe

    (Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Azcapotzalco)

  • Ruiz, Lucía A.

    (Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Azcapotzalco)

  • Sobarzo, Horacio

    (El Colegio de México)

Abstract

This article argues that, given the strong income concentration in Mexico, and the narrowness of the income tax base, it is very difficult to realize a tax reform that is redistributive, and increases tax collection. For that purpose, an applied model of general equilibrium was built, which includes, among some other things: a disaggregation of homes in 10 income levels, the tax and transferring structures of the country, and the productive and consumer spheres. The scenario confirms that to achieve a significant addition in tax collection, and, at the same time, to diminish the income inequality (measured by the Gini coefficient), imply increases of rates and bases, which is difficult to achieve in the present conditions.// En este artículo se argumenta que, dada la fuerte concentración del ingreso en México y la estrechez de la base tributaria del ingreso, resulta muy difícil realizar una reforma tributaria que sea recaudatoria y redistributiva. Para ello se construyó un modelo de equilibrio general aplicado que incluye, entre otras cosas, una desagregación de los hogares en 10 niveles de ingreso, la estructura tributaria y de transferencias del país y las esferas productivas y de consumo. Los escenarios confirman que, lograr una recaudación adicional significativa, y mejorar al mismo tiempo la desigualdad del ingreso (medida por el coeficiente de Gini), implica aumentos de tasas o bases difíciles de lograr en las condiciones actuales

Suggested Citation

  • Casares, Enrique R. & García, María Guadalupe & Ruiz, Lucía A. & Sobarzo, Horacio, 2015. "Distribución del ingreso, impuestos y transferencias en México. Un análisis de equilibrio general aplicado," El Trimestre Económico, Fondo de Cultura Económica, vol. 0(327), pages .523-558, julio-sep.
  • Handle: RePEc:elt:journl:v:82:y:2015:i:327:p:523-558
    DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20430/ete.v82i327.176
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    distribución del ingreso; impuestos; modelo de equilibrio general; transferencias; índice de Gini;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D33 - Microeconomics - - Distribution - - - Factor Income Distribution
    • D58 - Microeconomics - - General Equilibrium and Disequilibrium - - - Computable and Other Applied General Equilibrium Models
    • H3 - Public Economics - - Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents
    • H24 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies

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