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Crecimiento rápido seguido de estancamiento: México (1950-2010)

Author

Listed:
  • Kehoe, Timothy J.

    (Universidad de Minnesota)

  • Meza, Felipe

    (Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México.)

Abstract

In 1950 Mexico entered an economic takeoff and grew rapidly for more than 30 years. Growth stopped during the crises of 1982-1995, despite major reforms, including liberalization of foreign trade and investment. Since then growth has been modest. We analyze the economic history of Mexico 1877-2010. We conclude that the growth 1950-1981 was driven by urbanization, industrialization, and education and that Mexico would have grown even more rapidly if trade and investment had been liberalized sooner. If Mexico is to resume rapid growth —so that it can approach U.S. levels of income— it needs further reforms.// En 1950 México entró en un periodo de despegue económico y creció rápidamente durante más de 30 años. El crecimiento se detuvo durante las crisis de 1982-1995, a pesar de importantes reformas, incluyendo la liberación del comercio exterior y la inversión extranjera. Desde entonces, el crecimiento ha sido modesto. Analizamos la historia económica de México desde 1877 hasta 2010. Concluimos que el crecimiento en el periodo 1950-1981 estuvo impulsado por la urbanización, la industrialización y la educación, y que México habría crecido incluso a un ritmo más acelerado si el comercio y la inversión se hubieran liberado antes. Si México pretende reanudar su rápido crecimiento —de manera que pueda acercarse a los niveles de ingreso de los Estados Unidos— necesita aún más reformas.

Suggested Citation

  • Kehoe, Timothy J. & Meza, Felipe, 2013. "Crecimiento rápido seguido de estancamiento: México (1950-2010)," El Trimestre Económico, Fondo de Cultura Económica, vol. 0(318), pages 237-280, abril-jun.
  • Handle: RePEc:elt:journl:v:80:y:2013:i:318:p:237-280
    DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20430/ete.v80i318.88
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    México; crecimiento económico; productividad total de los factores Classification- JEL N16; O11; O54;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • N16 - Economic History - - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics; Industrial Structure; Growth; Fluctuations - - - Latin America; Caribbean
    • O11 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
    • O54 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Latin America; Caribbean

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