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La reforma eléctrica: El régimen apropiado

Author

Listed:
  • Rojas, Mariano

    (Universidad de las Americas, Puebla)

  • Cue, Yolanda

    (Universidad de las Americas, Puebla)

Abstract

This investigation studies the relationship between regulatory regimes and electric industrys performance. It follows closely the work of Steiner (2001). However, the investigation breaks with the traditional assumptions of linearity and universality in the relationship between regulatory reform and industry’s performance. The paper finds out that the relationship between regulatory reform and industry’s performance is non linear. Thus, the benefits from a regulatory reform could vanish as the reform advances; thus, moderate regulatory regimes could be preferred to extreme ones, such as completely centralized or liberalized regimes. Furthermore, the investigation also finds out that a country’s political and economic context plays a determinant role in the impact of a regulatory reform in the industry’s performance. Therefore, it can be stated that there is no universality in the benefits or costs of a regulatory reform. A simulation is made for the impact of a regulatory reform on the performance of the Mexican electric industry. This simulation takes into consideration the political and economic situation of the country. It is found that a completely liberalized regulatory regime is not necessarily preferred. A space for some political economy considerations emerges because the industry’s performance indicators do not behave similarly during the regulatory reform.// Esta investigación estudia la relación entre regímenes regulatorios y el desempeño de la industria eléctrica. La investigación se basa en el trabajo de Steiner (2001). Sin embargo, a diferencia de Steiner y de otros trabajos similares, se rompe con los supuestos de linealidad y de universalidad en la relación entre reforma regulatoria y desempeño industrial. La investigación encuentra que existe no linealidad en la relación entre reforma regulatoria y desempeño industrial, con lo que es posible que los beneficios de una reforma se agoten durante el proceso y que regímenes regulatorios moderados sean preferibles a los regímenes extremos (completa centralización o completa liberación). Además, se encuentra que el contexto económico y político de un país desempeña un papel fundamental en el efecto de una reforma regulatoria en el proceso industrial. Por ello, se concluye que no hay universalidad en los beneficios o perjuicios de una reforma regulatoria. Se realiza también una simulación de cuál sería el efecto de una reforma regulatoria en el desempeño de la industria eléctrica en México. Para ello se toma en cuenta la situación económica y política del país. Se concluye que un régimen regulatorio totalmente liberado no forzosamente es el óptimo para el país. Se encuentra también que no todos los indicadores de desempeño muestran un comportamiento similar durante la reforma regulatoria; esta asimetría en el comportamiento de los indicadores de desempeño abre un espacio para una discusión de la economía política de una reforma regulatoria.

Suggested Citation

  • Rojas, Mariano & Cue, Yolanda, 2005. "La reforma eléctrica: El régimen apropiado," El Trimestre Económico, Fondo de Cultura Económica, vol. 0(286), pages 329-365, abril-jun.
  • Handle: RePEc:elt:journl:v:72:y:2005:i:286:p:329-365
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    reforma regulatoria; régimen regulatorio; industria eléctrica;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • L5 - Industrial Organization - - Regulation and Industrial Policy

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