Author
Listed:
- Hernández Laos, Enrique
(UAM)
- Velázquez Roa, Jorge
(Universidad de Oxford)
Abstract
This paper analyses and explains the trends of income distribution in Mexico over the last forty years. Besides making a systematic quantification of this phenomenon, the main hypothesis is that the observed trend towards a lower concentration of income during the sixties and seventies in Mexico was altered due to the incorporation of the country into the process of economic globalization during the eighties, as well as to the prevailing characteristics of the economy and the demographic dynamics. In particular, we hold that such effects were the results of the Mexican economy operating in the context of a dualist economy that suddenly opened itself to world markets along the lines of the A. Lewis (1954) model and the income distribution implications of the Kuznets (1963) and Lydall (1979) hypothesis. It is within this theoretical framework that globalization seems to have shifted the trend towards a less unequal income distribution.// En este artículo se analiza y se explica las tendencias en la distribución del ingreso en México en los pasados 40 años. Además de la cuantificación sistemática de este fenómeno, nuestra tesis principal afirma que las tendencias hacia una menor concentración del ingreso, que se observaron durante los decenios de los sesenta y setenta en México, fueron alteradas como resultado del proceso de inserción de nuestro país en el contexto de la globalización económica que viene ocurriendo a escala mundial desde fines de los setenta y principio de los ochenta, así como de la dinámica demográfica y las características económicas preexistentes en el país.En particular, se postula que estos efectos fueron el resultado de operar la economía mexicana en el contexto de una economía dualista, que se abre al mercado internacional, de acuerdo con lo anticipado por el modelo de Lewis (1954) y el rompimiento de los supuestos distributivos implicados por la hipótesis de Kuznets (1963) y Lydall (1979). En el contexto de estos modelos la globalización económica habría impulsado la reversión de las tendencias hacia una menor desigualdad en la distribución del ingreso.
Suggested Citation
Hernández Laos, Enrique & Velázquez Roa, Jorge, 2003.
"Globalización, dualismo y distribución del ingreso en México,"
El Trimestre Económico, Fondo de Cultura Económica, vol. 70(279), pages 535-578, julio-sep.
Handle:
RePEc:elt:journl:v:70:y:2003:i:279:p:535-578
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JEL classification:
- D31 - Microeconomics - - Distribution - - - Personal Income and Wealth Distribution
- N36 - Economic History - - Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Welfare, Income, Wealth, Religion, and Philanthropy - - - Latin America; Caribbean
- O15 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Economic Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration
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