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Grados de competencia imperfecta, localización industrial y comercio internacional

Author

Listed:
  • Tugores, Juan

    (Departamento de Teoría Económíca de la universidad de Barcelona, España)

  • Bernardos, Gonzalo

    (Departamento de Teoría Económíca de la universidad de Barcelona, España)

Abstract

Krugman (1979) shows a wellknown model which combines economies of scale and product differentiation. The model`s outcomes depend to a great extent on the market size, especially if there is a free factors mobility between two countries or when these trade between them. In both, the market structure is momopolistic competition, where the free entry and exit implies that each firm earn zero profits. In this paper we modify the Krugman`s model. We assume that the market structure in one of countries is monopolistic competition, but in the other one there is an additional cause of imperfect competition (restriction to theentry of firms, for instance) which implies that the firmsearn positive profits. In the new model, the basic outcome is the feasible nullification (and even reserval) of greater market size`s advantages. This is dude to the additional cause of imperfect competition, that it can cause that the advantagesof greater competitiviness between firms might be more importantthan the greater market size`s advantages.// Krugman (1979) presenta un conocido modelo que combina economías de escala y diferenciación de productos. La variable "tamaño de mercado" en cada uno de los países es fundamental en la obtención de resultados, en especial los que se derivan de la perfecta movilidad de factores entre los países y de la apertura al comercio internacional de los mismos. La estructura de mercado asumida en ambos países es de competencia monopolística, donde la libertad de entrada y salida de empresas trae consigo beneficios nulos. En este artículo se altera el modelo de Krugman para suponer que en uno de los países exsite la anterior estructura de mercado pero en el otro hay un motivo adicional de competencia imperfecta (restricción a la entrada de empresas, por ejemplo) que se traduce en un margen de beneficios positivos. El resultado básico obtenido en este nuevo modelo consiste en observar cómo dicho motivo adicional puede anular y eventualmente invertir las ventajas asociadas a un mayor tamaña de mercado o, expresado de otra manera, cómo una economía más pequeña pero más competitiva puede "superar" a otra mayor pero que posee mayores restricciones a la competencia.

Suggested Citation

  • Tugores, Juan & Bernardos, Gonzalo, 1994. "Grados de competencia imperfecta, localización industrial y comercio internacional," El Trimestre Económico, Fondo de Cultura Económica, vol. 61(244), pages 585-601, octubre-d.
  • Handle: RePEc:elt:journl:v:61:y:1994:i:244:p:585-601
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