‘No en mi patio trasero’: aspectos económicos, fiscales y de gobernanza de la ubicación de instalaciones potencialmente contaminantes

The difficulty of finding locations for potentially polluting industries has become an important political problem. The NIMBY problem (“NIMBY = Not in my backyard”) is caused mainly by the asymmetry in the distribution of the benefits from the industries (the whole population) and their costs (only the local host community). We review the economic literature related to the location of these facilities and analyse the effectiveness of the compensations in achieving the consent of the local community, focusing on the type of facility and the procedure followed (i.e., whether it is centralised or decentralised). We also study the role of environmental taxes as a mechanism for financing this compensation and for providing it in a decentralised context.