Dependencia tecnológica de la industria vasca. Su posición en el contexto nacional e internacional

Corporations in the Basque Country, and Spanish companies as a whole, are facing the actual economic internationalization process in a situation of inferiority which may be centred around several critical points: the small size of most companies, a relative inferiority of conditions as regards to control of external commercial networks, a lower technological leves, a worse reputation reference to industrial quality and capacity, a low corporate operational flexibility and defects in personnel training both on a technical and productive level. Within such a context, the following report approaches the subject of technological flow (corporate income and expenses in technical assistance, patents, design and trade marks). Such an approach will allow us to understand one of the limitations that makes Basque companies especially vulnerable to foreign competition: their considerable dependence on foreign technology.