Barriers to convenient electric vehicle charging: Evidence from China's first-tier cities

The Chinese government has established a charging infrastructure framework that prioritizes private community-based slow charging, supplemented by public fast charging facilities. However, the deployment of private charging points in communities has faced opposition from multiple stakeholders. Based on a micro-level survey, this study analyzes the factors underlying such resistance. Key findings include: a) Property management companies often obstruct charging infrastructure development, and their opposition also influences other residents negatively. b) Increased EV adoption does not directly raise residents' support, indicating a need for further intervention to overcome barriers. c) Residents prefer grid companies to take a more active role in the installation process to reduce complexity and resolve difficulties. Accordingly, we recommend that the government clarify the responsibilities of property management companies, charging infrastructure providers, and grid companies through policy implementation, emphasizing the coordinating role of grid companies. Additionally, property management practices should be more strictly regulated to ensure cooperation with EV owners in installing charging facilities.