IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/transa/v204y2026ics0965856425004082.html

Bridges matter: Modeling joint bridge and route choice equilibrium with bridge-centric choice set generation

Author

Listed:
  • Kurmankhojayev, Daniyar
  • Gu, Yu
  • Chen, Anthony

Abstract

As a critical infrastructure in the road network divided by rivers, bridges are an inevitable consideration in traveling between disjointed network sections. Despite the increasingly recognized importance of bridges in routing, the perception and choice of bridges have not received enough attention in travel demand modeling, such as the widely used stochastic user equilibrium (SUE) traffic assignment (TA) model. This study develops a joint bridge and route choice equilibrium model to account for various behavioral issues stemming from the bridge choice dimension. The perceived availability of bridges owing to their spatial relationships with origins and destinations is specifically considered in both bridge set formation and bridge choice behavior from the perspective of travelers. The interaction between bridge and route choice dimensions is modeled via a hierarchical choice structure. The network equilibrium is modeled consistently with joint bridge and route choice behavior and formulated as an equivalent mathematical programming problem. To facilitate the application of the proposed equilibrium model in bridge networks, we develop a bridge-centric choice set generation strategy with a multi-stage column generation algorithm that can effectively employ properties of bridges and routes. Numerical experiments are conducted to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed model and choice set generation strategy in a real-world setting. The model’s tested performance underscores its potential as a policy instrument for informed decision-making in the assessment and management of bridge networks.

Suggested Citation

  • Kurmankhojayev, Daniyar & Gu, Yu & Chen, Anthony, 2026. "Bridges matter: Modeling joint bridge and route choice equilibrium with bridge-centric choice set generation," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 204(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:transa:v:204:y:2026:i:c:s0965856425004082
    DOI: 10.1016/j.tra.2025.104775
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0965856425004082
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.tra.2025.104775?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to

    for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Chen, Anthony & Pravinvongvuth, Surachet & Xu, Xiangdong & Ryu, Seungkyu & Chootinan, Piya, 2012. "Examining the scaling effect and overlapping problem in logit-based stochastic user equilibrium models," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 46(8), pages 1343-1358.
    2. Kazagli, Evanthia & Bierlaire, Michel & Flötteröd, Gunnar, 2016. "Revisiting the route choice problem: A modeling framework based on mental representations," Journal of choice modelling, Elsevier, vol. 19(C), pages 1-23.
    3. Bucsky, Péter & Juhász, Mattias, 2022. "Long-term evidence on induced traffic: A case study on the relationship between road traffic and capacity of Budapest bridges," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 244-257.
    4. Damberg, Olof & Lundgren, Jan T. & Patriksson, Michael, 1996. "An algorithm for the stochastic user equilibrium problem," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 30(2), pages 115-131, April.
    5. Hamzeh Alizadeh & Bilal Farooq & Catherine Morency & Nicolas Saunier, 2018. "On the role of bridges as anchor points in route choice modeling," Transportation, Springer, vol. 45(5), pages 1181-1206, September.
    6. Almotahari, Amirmasoud & Yazici, M. Anil, 2019. "A link criticality index embedded in the convex combinations solution of user equilibrium traffic assignment," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 67-82.
    7. Tan, Heqing & Xu, Xiangdong & Chen, Anthony, 2024. "On endogenously distinguishing inactive paths in stochastic user equilibrium: A convex programming approach with a truncated path choice model," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 183(C).
    8. Minjin Lee & Hugo Barbosa & Hyejin Youn & Petter Holme & Gourab Ghoshal, 2017. "Morphology of travel routes and the organization of cities," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 8(1), pages 1-10, December.
    9. Henry Liu & Xiaozheng He & Bingsheng He, 2009. "Method of Successive Weighted Averages (MSWA) and Self-Regulated Averaging Schemes for Solving Stochastic User Equilibrium Problem," Networks and Spatial Economics, Springer, vol. 9(4), pages 485-503, December.
    10. Swait, Joffre & Ben-Akiva, Moshe, 1987. "Incorporating random constraints in discrete models of choice set generation," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 21(2), pages 91-102, April.
    11. Kurmankhojayev, Daniyar & Li, Guoyuan & Chen, Anthony, 2024. "Link criticality index: Refinement, framework extension, and a case study," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 243(C).
    12. Habib, Khandker Nurul & Morency, Catherine & Trépanier, Martin & Salem, Sarah, 2013. "Application of an independent availability logit model (IAL) for route choice modelling: Considering bridge choice as a key determinant of selected routes for commuting in Montreal," Journal of choice modelling, Elsevier, vol. 9(C), pages 14-26.
    13. Zhu, Shanjiang & Levinson, David & Liu, Henry X. & Harder, Kathleen, 2010. "The traffic and behavioral effects of the I-35W Mississippi River bridge collapse," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 44(10), pages 771-784, December.
    14. Manley, E.J. & Addison, J.D. & Cheng, T., 2015. "Shortest path or anchor-based route choice: a large-scale empirical analysis of minicab routing in London," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 123-139.
    15. Carlos F. Daganzo & Yosef Sheffi, 1977. "On Stochastic Models of Traffic Assignment," Transportation Science, INFORMS, vol. 11(3), pages 253-274, August.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Kurmankhojayev, Daniyar & Tan, Heqing & Chen, Anthony, 2025. "A methodological foundation for proactive disruption mitigation in transport networks: Integrating route similarity and elastic demand in stochastic user equilibrium-based link criticality analysis," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 261(C).
    2. Kurmankhojayev, Daniyar & Li, Guoyuan & Chen, Anthony, 2024. "Link criticality index: Refinement, framework extension, and a case study," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 243(C).
    3. Gu, Yu & Tan, Heqing & Chen, Anthony & Jang, Sunghoon, 2026. "A multiplicative regret-based stochastic user equilibrium model," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 204(C).
    4. Ampol Karoonsoontawong & Dung-Ying Lin, 2015. "Combined Gravity Model Trip Distribution and Paired Combinatorial Logit Stochastic User Equilibrium Problem," Networks and Spatial Economics, Springer, vol. 15(4), pages 1011-1048, December.
    5. Li, Guoyuan & Chen, Anthony & Ryu, Seungkyu & Kitthamkesorn, Songyot & Xu, Xiangdong, 2024. "Modeling elasticity, similarity, stochasticity, and congestion in a network equilibrium framework using a paired combinatorial weibit choice model," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 179(C).
    6. Rasmussen, Thomas Kjær & Duncan, Lawrence Christopher & Watling, David Paul & Nielsen, Otto Anker, 2024. "Local detouredness: A new phenomenon for modelling route choice and traffic assignment," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 190(C).
    7. Du, Muqing & Tan, Heqing & Chen, Anthony, 2021. "A faster path-based algorithm with Barzilai-Borwein step size for solving stochastic traffic equilibrium models," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 290(3), pages 982-999.
    8. Ma, Jie & Meng, Qiang & Cheng, Lin & Liu, Zhiyuan, 2022. "General stochastic ridesharing user equilibrium problem with elastic demand," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 162-194.
    9. Honggang Zhang & Zhiyuan Liu & Yicheng Zhang & Weijie Chen & Chenyang Zhang, 2024. "A Distributed Computing Method Integrating Improved Gradient Projection for Solving Stochastic Traffic Equilibrium Problem," Networks and Spatial Economics, Springer, vol. 24(2), pages 361-381, June.
    10. Yao, Jia & Chen, Anthony & Ryu, Seungkyu & Shi, Feng, 2014. "A general unconstrained optimization formulation for the combined distribution and assignment problem," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 137-160.
    11. Kitthamkesorn, Songyot & Chen, Anthony, 2014. "Unconstrained weibit stochastic user equilibrium model with extensions," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 1-21.
    12. Rasmussen, Thomas Kjær & Watling, David Paul & Prato, Carlo Giacomo & Nielsen, Otto Anker, 2015. "Stochastic user equilibrium with equilibrated choice sets: Part II – Solving the restricted SUE for the logit family," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 146-165.
    13. Oyama, Yuki & Hara, Yusuke & Akamatsu, Takashi, 2022. "Markovian traffic equilibrium assignment based on network generalized extreme value model," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 155(C), pages 135-159.
    14. Guido Gentile, 2018. "New Formulations of the Stochastic User Equilibrium with Logit Route Choice as an Extension of the Deterministic Model," Service Science, INFORMS, vol. 52(6), pages 1531-1547, December.
    15. Barati, Hojjat & Yazici, Anil & Almotahari, Amirmasoud, 2024. "A methodology for ranking of critical links in transportation networks based on criticality score distributions," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 251(C).
    16. Ahipaşaoğlu, Selin Damla & Meskarian, Rudabeh & Magnanti, Thomas L. & Natarajan, Karthik, 2015. "Beyond normality: A cross moment-stochastic user equilibrium model," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 81(P2), pages 333-354.
    17. Seungkyu Ryu & Anthony Chen & Xiangdong Xu & Keechoo Choi, 2014. "A Dual Approach for Solving the Combined Distribution and Assignment Problem with Link Capacity Constraints," Networks and Spatial Economics, Springer, vol. 14(2), pages 245-270, June.
    18. Xu, Xiangdong & Chen, Anthony & Kitthamkesorn, Songyot & Yang, Hai & Lo, Hong K., 2015. "Modeling absolute and relative cost differences in stochastic user equilibrium problem," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 81(P3), pages 686-703.
    19. Wei Zhu & Wei-li Fan & Amr M. Wahaballa & Jin Wei, 2020. "Calibrating travel time thresholds with cluster analysis and AFC data for passenger reasonable route generation on an urban rail transit network," Transportation, Springer, vol. 47(6), pages 3069-3090, December.
    20. Shanjiang Zhu & David Levinson, 2011. "A Portfolio Theory of Route Choice," Working Papers 000096, University of Minnesota: Nexus Research Group.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:transa:v:204:y:2026:i:c:s0965856425004082. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/547/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.