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Dimensions of social inequality in the health of women in England: occupational, material and behavioural pathways

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  • Sacker, Amanda
  • Bartley, Mel
  • Firth, David
  • Fitzpatrick, Ray

Abstract

This paper examines the role of behavioural and psychosocial risk and protective factors in explaining social inequalities in the general self-assessed health of women. Using path analysis, data from the Health Survey for England (1993) are used to demonstrate how different dimensions of social position (working conditions, general social advantage and material deprivation) have distinct pathways to ill-health. Smoking, diet, alcohol consumption, exercise, social support and job strain were all related to poorer health, but not always in the predicted direction. The effects of social position on health were not fully mediated through these risk and protective factors. Each dimension of social position had unique pathways to ill-health via other unidentified mechanisms. Furthermore, the salience of the three dimensions of social position differed according to the level of labour market attachment. Different path models are required to fit the data for women at home or in full-time or part-time work.

Suggested Citation

  • Sacker, Amanda & Bartley, Mel & Firth, David & Fitzpatrick, Ray, 2001. "Dimensions of social inequality in the health of women in England: occupational, material and behavioural pathways," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 52(5), pages 763-781, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:52:y:2001:i:5:p:763-781
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    Cited by:

    1. Achchuthan, S. & Velnampy, T., 2016. "A quest for green consumerism in Sri Lankan context: An application of comprehensive model," Asian Journal of Empirical Research, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 6(3), pages 59-76, March.
    2. Masashige Saito & Naoki Kondo & Takashi Oshio & Takahiro Tabuchi & Katsunori Kondo, 2019. "Relative Deprivation, Poverty, and Mortality in Japanese Older Adults: A Six-Year Follow-Up of the JAGES Cohort Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-9, January.
    3. Masashige Saito & Katsunori Kondo & Naoki Kondo & Aya Abe & Toshiyuki Ojima & Kayo Suzuki & the JAGES group, 2014. "Relative Deprivation, Poverty, and Subjective Health: JAGES Cross-Sectional Study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(10), pages 1-9, October.
    4. Devine, Carol M. & Jastran, Margaret & Jabs, Jennifer & Wethington, Elaine & Farell, Tracy J. & Bisogni, Carole A., 2006. ""A lot of sacrifices:" Work-family spillover and the food choice coping strategies of low-wage employed parents," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 63(10), pages 2591-2603, November.
    5. Muntaner, Carles & Borrell, Carme & Vanroelen, Christophe & Chung, Haejoo & Benach, Joan & Kim, Il Ho & Ng, Edwin, 2010. "Employment relations, social class and health: A review and analysis of conceptual and measurement alternatives," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 71(12), pages 2130-2140, December.
    6. Lahelma, Eero & Laaksonen, Mikko & Martikainen, Pekka & Rahkonen, Ossi & Sarlio-Lähteenkorva, Sirpa, 2006. "Multiple measures of socioeconomic circumstances and common mental disorders," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 63(5), pages 1383-1399, September.
    7. Barnett, Ross & Pearce, Jamie & Moon, Graham, 2009. "Community inequality and smoking cessation in New Zealand, 1981-2006," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 68(5), pages 876-884, March.
    8. Hiyoshi, Ayako & Fukuda, Yoshiharu & Shipley, Martin J. & Brunner, Eric J., 2014. "Health inequalities in Japan: The role of material, psychosocial, social relational and behavioural factors," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 201-209.
    9. Susan P Phillips & Anne Hammarström, 2011. "Relative Health Effects of Education, Socioeconomic Status and Domestic Gender Inequity in Sweden: A Cohort Study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(6), pages 1-6, June.
    10. Thrane, Christer, 2006. "Explaining educational-related inequalities in health: Mediation and moderator models," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 62(2), pages 467-478, January.
    11. Anne Nolan & Smyth, Emer, 2021. "Risk and protective factors for mental health and wellbeing in childhood and adolescence," Research Series, Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI), number RS120, June.

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