Conducting polymer based electrodes in metal-ion batteries: A state-of-the-art review

Conducting polymers have become a focus of interest in the research community because they offer a remarkable combination of properties, such as adjustable electrical conductivity, simple preparation, light weight, easy processing, and superior environmental stability compared to traditional inorganic materials. Although there are some limitations to conducting polymers in their natural form, these drawbacks can be overcome by hybridizing them with other materials. Conducting polymers possess unique characteristics that make them suitable for various fascinating applications such as modern electrochemical devices. The electrical conductivity of conducting polymers can be easily adjusted by modifying the doping type and concentration. This article presents a detailed examination of conducting polymer composites containing materials such as carbon, transition metals, metal oxides/sulfides, and transition metal dichalcogenides. This review focuses on the current and potential uses of conducting polymers as active electrode materials in metal-ion batteries. This article also discusses the upcoming research prospects for enhancing the analytical capabilities of conducting polymers in energy storage devices.