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A multi-criteria GIS–AHP framework for optimizing agrivoltaic energy production and land use efficiency in semi-arid regions

Author

Listed:
  • Manimuthu, Shiva
  • Partheeban, Pachaivannan
  • Vijayakumar, G.
  • Hemamalini, Ranganathan Rani
  • Bisane, Mukesh Ghanshyam

Abstract

Agrivoltaic systems are becoming increasingly common worldwide as a way to use land for both farming and renewable energy generation. This research presents a structured multi-criterion decision-making framework for evaluating the technical and spatial viability of agrivoltaic systems. The framework employed in this study includes Geographic Information Systems and the Analytic Hierarchy Process to assess five spatial variables, namely solar irradiance, land use, slope, soil type, and cropping compatibility, and the same was implemented in semi-arid districts in India. The slopes in these areas range from 3° to 6°, which is mostly in line with the best panel placement and cropping compatibility. The selected regions exhibit slopes ranging from 3° to 6°, which are suitable for fixed-tilt PV installation and compatible with agricultural practices. The effectiveness of technical performance evaluation was determined using PVSyst 8.0 a grid-tied Agri PV system with a capacity of 500 kWp under 4 tilt configurations (7°, 10°, 15°, and 18°). Through modeling, the optimal PV system configuration (10° tilt) yielded 751.85 MWh/year of net AC output, a specific yield of 1387 kWh/kWp, and a Performance Ratio of 73.90%.

Suggested Citation

  • Manimuthu, Shiva & Partheeban, Pachaivannan & Vijayakumar, G. & Hemamalini, Ranganathan Rani & Bisane, Mukesh Ghanshyam, 2026. "A multi-criteria GIS–AHP framework for optimizing agrivoltaic energy production and land use efficiency in semi-arid regions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 273(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:273:y:2026:i:c:s0960148126009110
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2026.126085
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