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Flow control technique in the draft tube of the Francis Turbines and performance analysis

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  • Yavuz, Tahir
  • Semerci, Deniz Sarper

Abstract

As energy demands increase due to the population, technical developments and global warming, countries have turned to renewable energy resources such as solar, wind, biomass, wave and hydraulic energy to meet these demands. Francis turbines are often favoured among hydraulic turbines for use in hydroelectric power plants. The Francis turbine usually operates at high efficiencies about 90%. In some cases, such as partial load or overload conditions, pressure pulsations and vortex rope can occur in the draft tube, decreasing turbine efficiency and causing negative environmental effects at the draft tube outlet. The Vortex Preventing Element (VPE) is designed to eliminate vortex formation in the draft tube, thereby increasing turbine efficiency of 1.06%. Using the vortex preventing element in the turbine design forces flow to be uniform in the draft tube and prevents damage to the surroundings of the turbine draft outlet. In addition, regression analysis shows that the most effective parameters are the guide vane angle, the stage number and the height of the VPE.

Suggested Citation

  • Yavuz, Tahir & Semerci, Deniz Sarper, 2026. "Flow control technique in the draft tube of the Francis Turbines and performance analysis," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 272(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:272:y:2026:i:c:s0960148126008712
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2026.126045
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