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Synergistic effects of UV radiation and steel corrosion on bio-oil aging during storage

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  • Sun, Ziting
  • Ness, Joshua
  • Maeda, Nobuo
  • Liu, Jing

Abstract

Bio-oil aging during storage limits its use as a renewable fuel, and the combined impacts of ultraviolet (UV) radiation and steel corrosion remained unclear. We studied a 20 wt% methanol-stabilized fast pyrolysis oil aged at 50 °C for up to 10 weeks under UV and non-UV conditions, with and without immersion of common steels (CS A36, 2Cr-1Mo, SS316L). Physicochemical properties (viscosity, density, water), microstructure, FTIR, GC–MS, TGA, and corrosion rates were tracked to decouple and recombine UV and corrosion effects. UV alone accelerated intrinsic aging: viscosity rose from 138 to 222 cP in 10 weeks (non-UV: 167 cP), density increased, and water content showed an initial decrease followed by a larger net rise. FTIR indicated stronger O–H and diminished C=O bands; GC–MS showed shifts among phenols, sugars, ketones, and alkenes; TGA evidenced accumulation of heavier species. Corrosion was alloy-dependent: low-Cr steels corroded measurably, whereas SS316L remained near-immune. With steel present, UV and corrosion acted synergistically, inducing phase separation and orders-of-magnitude faster viscosity growth in the bottom phase. A positive-feedback mechanism is proposed: UV accelerates organic reactions and promotes corrosion, while released Fe2+ catalyzes polymerization and forms chelates. Practically, UV shielding and corrosion-resistant alloys (≥SS316L) are recommended to preserve storage stability.

Suggested Citation

  • Sun, Ziting & Ness, Joshua & Maeda, Nobuo & Liu, Jing, 2026. "Synergistic effects of UV radiation and steel corrosion on bio-oil aging during storage," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 269(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:269:y:2026:i:c:s0960148126006981
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2026.125872
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