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Building performance evaluation of temperature gradient-responsive thermochromic photovoltaic windows

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  • Shi, Shaohang
  • Lin, Borong

Abstract

This study proposes an energy-generating window that combines cadmium telluride (CdTe) photovoltaic windows with gradient-responsive thermochromic (TC) glazing. The annual cumulative tinting hours of the windows in Harbin, Beijing, Shanghai, Kunming, and Guangzhou were 21.04%, 35.78%, 37.26%, 29.22%, and 54.42%, respectively. Additionally, the study found that the thermochromic reaction in the windows would not occur above 50 °C. Corresponding to these cities, their annual comprehensive energy-saving ratios were 3.70%, 5.85%, 7.14%, 14.19%, and 5.03%, respectively. The proposed window can reduce building loads by 1.39% (Guangzhou) to 33.91% (Kunming) on typical days. Annual glare hours are decreased by 13 h (Kunming) to 59 h (Harbin), and the increase in predicted mean vote (PMV) can be reduced by up to 0.40 by mitigating the impact of transmitted solar radiation. This study provides insights for the innovation of materials and windows in building energy efficiency.

Suggested Citation

  • Shi, Shaohang & Lin, Borong, 2026. "Building performance evaluation of temperature gradient-responsive thermochromic photovoltaic windows," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 267(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:267:y:2026:i:c:s096014812600532x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2026.125707
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