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Dynamic analysis of a novel hybrid liquid air energy storage system integrating packed bed cold thermal storage

Author

Listed:
  • Hou, Yicheng
  • Qiu, Jun
  • Xu, Jiacheng
  • Chen, Guoliang
  • An, Yuxuan
  • Wang, Wei
  • Yang, Liang
  • Shuai, Yong

Abstract

The synergistic operation of Liquid Air Energy Storage (LAES) and LNG regasification-based power generation offers dual advantages: dynamic grid load matching and electricity market arbitrage. Compared with the conventional hybrid systems employing liquid propane for cold energy storage, the packed-bed cold storage technology based on pebbles or rocks demonstrates superior reliability, environmental friendliness, and cost-effectiveness. Therefore, this study proposes a novel hybrid system integrating LAES, a packed-bed cold storage unit, and LNG regasification. For the first time, the dynamic impact of thermal stratification in the packed bed on the system's transition from startup to steady-state operation is evaluated under real-world time-of-use electricity pricing data. Simulation results indicate that due to the cold energy accumulation characteristics of the packed bed, the hybrid system experiences a startup transition period of approximately 12 days under baseline operating conditions, during which the average liquid air yield increases from 0.70 to 0.77. In addition, the system achieves an overall efficiency of 79.6%, with a net daily electricity output of 0.44 MJ per kilogram of LNG. The findings of this study provide valuable insights for the industrial application of LAES technology integrated with packed-bed cold storage systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Hou, Yicheng & Qiu, Jun & Xu, Jiacheng & Chen, Guoliang & An, Yuxuan & Wang, Wei & Yang, Liang & Shuai, Yong, 2026. "Dynamic analysis of a novel hybrid liquid air energy storage system integrating packed bed cold thermal storage," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 266(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:266:y:2026:i:c:s0960148126004854
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2026.125660
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