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Distributed reservoir network pumped storage hydropower using dam–pond clusters: Optimal site selection and operation for enhanced renewable energy integration

Author

Listed:
  • Furukakoi, Masahiro
  • Nakadomari, Akito
  • Uehara, Akie
  • Krishnan, Narayanan
  • Mandal, Paras
  • Senjyu, Tomonobu

Abstract

The increasing curtailment of renewable energy necessitates energy storage solutions utilizing existing infrastructure. This paper proposes a novel Distributed Reservoir Network Pumped Storage Hydropower system that integrates existing large dams with small-scale agricultural ponds, enabling efficient utilization of distributed water resources without requiring new large-scale infrastructure construction. The research develops a comprehensive optimization methodology that combines Geographic Information System data analysis for optimal site selection with Mixed Integer Linear Programming for operation optimization, considering geographical characteristics, hydrological conditions, and electricity market dynamics. A case study conducted in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan, demonstrates that the proposed system achieves approximately 2.4 times higher annual revenue (11,969 kJPY) compared to conventional single-stage pumped storage systems. Compared to cascade-type pumped storage, the proposed system reduces operational costs from 289 to 246 kJPY while achieving the highest annual profit of 11,723 kJPY through enhanced operational flexibility. The system shows robust performance under transmission line capacity constraints with superior responsiveness to electricity price fluctuations, providing effective solutions for renewable energy curtailment issues and enabling better integration of variable renewable energy sources into power systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Furukakoi, Masahiro & Nakadomari, Akito & Uehara, Akie & Krishnan, Narayanan & Mandal, Paras & Senjyu, Tomonobu, 2026. "Distributed reservoir network pumped storage hydropower using dam–pond clusters: Optimal site selection and operation for enhanced renewable energy integration," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:263:y:2026:i:c:s0960148126002867
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2026.125461
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