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Design and proposal of a high-efficiency small wind turbine for distributed energy in low-wind regions

Author

Listed:
  • Mora-Herrera, D.
  • Apan-Araujo, G.L.
  • Flores-Cajica, S.D.
  • Pal, Mou

Abstract

This research analyzes the design and performance of a small horizontal-axis wind turbine (HAWT) optimized for low-wind conditions in Amozoc, Puebla, Mexico. A wind resource assessment identified the Birnbaum-Saunders and Inverse Gaussian distributions as the best models for wind speed. Using QBlade software and Blade Element Momentum (BEM) theory, we analyzed six airfoils: NACA 4412, NACA 23012, Selig S1223, NREL S834, SG6042, and E216 to assess their lift-to-drag ratios (CL/CD). The E216 airfoil showed the highest aerodynamic efficiency, with a CL/CD ratio of 71.3 and a maximum lift coefficient (CL) of 1.53 at the optimal angle of attack. To further improve performance, we optimized the chosen airfoil using a linear twist distribution. The final turbine design featured 1-m blades, a tip speed ratio (λ) of 5, and achieved a maximum power coefficient (CP) of 0.44 with a power output of 16.5 W at an average wind speed of 2.42 m/s. The results suggest that airfoil optimization significantly enhances startup response and energy capture. These findings demonstrate the potential of small-scale wind turbines in low-wind rural areas, supporting distributed energy systems for applications like weather stations and micro-grids.

Suggested Citation

  • Mora-Herrera, D. & Apan-Araujo, G.L. & Flores-Cajica, S.D. & Pal, Mou, 2026. "Design and proposal of a high-efficiency small wind turbine for distributed energy in low-wind regions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:261:y:2026:i:c:s0960148126001205
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2026.125295
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