Fishery microgrid planning involving surface photovoltaic and hydrogen/oxygen utilization under typical extreme scenarios

With the growing demand for photovoltaic (PV) construction, issues related to limited PV land use and low utilization efficiency are becoming increasingly evident. Hydrogen energy storage (HES) has the potential to mitigate fluctuations in photovoltaic output and enhance its overall utilization efficiency. However, current research on the application of high-purity oxygen generated during hydrogen production remains scarce. By integrating PV and HES within fishery scenarios—such as installing PV panels on the surface of fish ponds and utilizing the oxygen produced by HES for fish—it is possible to achieve a synergistic relationship among fishery, PV, and HES resources. In light of this, this paper proposes the design of a fishery-surface PV-HES (FPH) microgrid. Through an investigation into the planning and operational optimization of the FPH microgrid, the substantial complementary potential of fishery, PV and HES is explored. Firstly, with the goal of minimizing the annualized total cost, the FPH microgrid planning and operation optimization model is constructed. Furthermore, the improved k-means clustering and the backward elimination algorithms are combined to generate a typical scenario set of solar irradiation, temperature as well as electric load. Then, the spinning reserve feasibility of the planning scheme under the typical scenario set is verified, and the same algorithms are used to select typical extreme scenarios from the verified infeasible scenarios. Finally, simulation is carried out based on the selected typical scenarios and typical extreme scenarios and mainly verifies that: 1) The life of the constructed FPH microgrid is 25 years, the investment payback period is 9.17 years, and the internal rate of return is 14.64 %, which has the potential for sustainable operation and development. 2) The proposed typical scenario and typical extreme scenario selection method considering the availability of spinning reserve can overcome the shortcomings of the traditional typical scenario and worst scenario selection, so that the FPH microgrid planning result can achieve economic construction, reliable operation and high proportion of PV output accommodation.