Study on the matching characteristics between office building energy consumption and rooftop photovoltaics in regions with hot summers and cold winters

Building energy consumption constitutes a substantial proportion of global energy usage. Building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) has emerged as a pivotal technology for energy conservation and emission reduction in office buildings. However, the climatic complexity in regions characterized by hot summers and cold winters presents significant challenges to the efficient deployment of BIPV systems. Moreover, the analysis of climate adaptation between PV generation and building energy consumption remains inadequate. To investigate the influence of climatic conditions on the “generation-consumption” matching relationship in such regions, this study focuses on an office building in Wenzhou as a case study, monitoring annual meteorological and building energy consumption data. A computational model of a BIPV rooftop system was developed, streamlining the climate adaptation analysis method. Using the Energy Matching Rate (EMR), the study analyzed the seasonal characteristics in the matching performance of the PV rooftop. The simulation results indicate that the installation of PV rooftops on conventional buildings leads to an increase in annual heating energy consumption and duration, while reducing cooling energy consumption and duration. Notably, the changes in energy consumption are more pronounced in summer and winter, whereas the variations in duration are particularly significant in spring and autumn. Significant seasonal differences are observed in the matching between building energy consumption and PV power generation, with higher matching rates in spring and summer and lower rates in autumn and winter. Furthermore, matching rate fluctuations are larger in spring and autumn, while summer and winter are relatively stable. By utilizing PV power generation during non-operational periods, the matching rate can be increased by 37.42 % in spring, 21.91 % in summer, 21.46 % in autumn, and 13.87 % in winter.