IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/reensy/v262y2025ics0951832025003552.html

Optimal replacement policies with repair numbers for mission-oriented systems

Author

Listed:
  • Cai, Jiajia
  • Zhao, Xufeng

Abstract

In this study, we take mission durations into account and propose optimal replacement policies with repair numbers for mission-oriented systems. These systems generally undertake missions without opportunities for planned replacements. As the mission duration increases, replacement should be carried out earlier to maintain the system’s reliability. However, if such a system adopts a traditional maintenance policy that neglects mission durations, the optimal number of repairs may be overestimated. This indicates that the planned replacement is not conducted in a timely manner, which leads to a lower reliability of the system. To tackle this issue, we develop replacement policies that are implemented after the Kth repair or at the mission end time, whichever occurs first. To balance cost and maintainability, replacement last policy is also considered. Optimal parameters are determined both analytically and numerically. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed policies is verified by comparing them with traditional maintenance policies.

Suggested Citation

  • Cai, Jiajia & Zhao, Xufeng, 2025. "Optimal replacement policies with repair numbers for mission-oriented systems," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 262(C).
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:reensy:v:262:y:2025:i:c:s0951832025003552
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ress.2025.111154
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0951832025003552
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.ress.2025.111154?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to

    for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Zhang, Qin & Fang, Zhigeng, 2025. "Optimal age replacement policies for k-out-of-n systems considering mission durations," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 254(PB).
    2. Sheu, Shey-Huei & Liu, Tzu-Hsin & Sheu, Wei-Teng & Ke, Jau-Chuan & Zhang, Zhe George, 2023. "Optimal replacement policy for a two-unit system subject to shocks and cumulative damage," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 238(C).
    3. Zheng, Rui & Zhao, Xufeng & Hu, Chaoming & Ren, Xiangyun, 2023. "A repair-replacement policy for a system subject to missions of random types and random durations," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 232(C).
    4. Berrade, M.D. & Scarf, P.A. & Cavalcante, C.A.V., 2018. "Conditional inspection and maintenance of a system with two interacting components," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 268(2), pages 533-544.
    5. Zhao, Xian & Wang, Xinlei & Dai, Ying & Qiu, Qingan, 2024. "Joint optimization of loading, mission abort and rescue site selection policies for UAV," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 244(C).
    6. Meng, Sa & Xing, Liudong & Levitin, Gregory, 2024. "Activation delay and aborting policy minimizing expected losses in consecutive attempts having cumulative effect on mission success," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 247(C).
    7. Wang, Guan Jun & Zhang, Yuan Lin, 2013. "Optimal repair–replacement policies for a system with two types of failures," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 226(3), pages 500-506.
    8. Zhang, Qin & Fang, Zhigeng & Cai, Jiajia, 2021. "Preventive replacement policies with multiple missions and maintenance triggering approaches," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 213(C).
    9. Hao, Yucheng & Jia, Limin & Zio, Enrico & Wang, Yanhui & Small, Michael & Li, Man, 2023. "Improving resilience of high-speed train by optimizing repair strategies," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 237(C).
    10. Guo, Chiming & Wang, Wenbin & Guo, Bo & Si, Xiaosheng, 2013. "A maintenance optimization model for mission-oriented systems based on Wiener degradation," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 183-194.
    11. Mohamed Larbi Rebaiaia & Daoud Ait-kadi, 2021. "Maintenance policies with minimal repair and replacement on failures: analysis and comparison," International Journal of Production Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 59(23), pages 6995-7017, December.
    12. Zheng, Rui & Xing, Yuan & Ren, Xiangyun, 2023. "Multilevel preventive replacement for a system subject to internal deterioration, external shocks, and dynamic missions," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 239(C).
    13. Zhang, Lin & Chen, Xiaohui & Khatab, Abdelhakim & An, Youjun & Feng, XiaoNing, 2024. "Joint optimization of selective maintenance and repairpersons assignment problem for mission-oriented systems operating under s-dependent competing risks," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 242(C).
    14. Zhao, Xufeng & Qian, Cunhua & Nakagawa, Toshio, 2017. "Comparisons of replacement policies with periodic times and repair numbers," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 161-170.
    15. Zhao, Xufeng & Nakagawa, Toshio, 2012. "Optimization problems of replacement first or last in reliability theory," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 223(1), pages 141-149.
    16. Ma, Weining & Zhang, Qin & Xiahou, Tangfan & Liu, Yu & Jia, Xisheng, 2023. "Integrated selective maintenance and task assignment optimization for multi-state systems executing multiple missions," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 237(C).
    17. Zhang, Fengxia & Shen, Jingyuan & Ma, Yizhong, 2020. "Optimal maintenance policy considering imperfect repairs and non-constant probabilities of inspection errors," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).
    18. Lin, Zu-Liang & Huang, Yeu-Shiang & Fang, Chih-Chiang, 2015. "Non-periodic preventive maintenance with reliability thresholds for complex repairable systems," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 145-156.
    19. van Kessel, Paul J. & Freeman, Floris C. & Santos, Bruno F., 2023. "Airline maintenance task rescheduling in a disruptive environment," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 308(2), pages 605-621.
    20. Geurtsen, M. & Didden, Jeroen B.H.C. & Adan, J. & Atan, Z. & Adan, I., 2023. "Production, maintenance and resource scheduling: A review," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 305(2), pages 501-529.
    21. de Jonge, Bram & Scarf, Philip A., 2020. "A review on maintenance optimization," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 285(3), pages 805-824.
    22. Liu, Peng & Wang, Guanjun, 2023. "Generalized non-renewing replacement warranty policy and an age-based post-warranty maintenance strategy," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 311(2), pages 567-580.
    23. Liu, Peng & Wang, Guanjun & Su, Peng, 2021. "Optimal maintenance strategies for warranty products with limited repair time and limited repair number," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 210(C).
    24. Toshio Nakagawa, 2005. "Maintenance Theory of Reliability," Springer Series in Reliability Engineering, Springer, number 978-1-84628-221-8, January.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Ma, Yuhan & Wei, Fanping & Qiu, Qingan & Peng, Rui & Yang, Li, 2026. "Auto-learning process risk optimization considering uncertain degradation pathways: A bayesian-learning-informed termination approach," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 266(PB).
    2. Wei, Fanping & Ma, Xiaobing & Qiu, Qingan & Ma, Yuhan & Wang, Jingjing & Yang, Li, 2026. "Adaptive mission risk control under incomplete health information and resource limitation: A constrained multi-state predictive maintenance model," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 266(PA).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. de Jonge, Bram & Scarf, Philip A., 2020. "A review on maintenance optimization," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 285(3), pages 805-824.
    2. O’Neil, Ryan & Khatab, Abdelhakim & Diallo, Claver & Saif, Ahmed, 2025. "Joint selective maintenance and mission abort decisions for mission-critical systems," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 264(PB).
    3. Ji Zhang & Hongshuang Feng & Xiaohui Chen, 2025. "Preventive maintenance policies for a big data system with throughput rate," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 348(1), pages 421-444, May.
    4. Truong-Ba, Huy & Cholette, Michael E. & Borghesani, Pietro & Ma, Lin & Kent, Geoff, 2021. "Condition-based inspection policies for boiler heat exchangers," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 291(1), pages 232-243.
    5. Zhang, Qin & Fang, Zhigeng, 2025. "Optimal age replacement policies for k-out-of-n systems considering mission durations," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 254(PB).
    6. Sheu, Shey-Huei & Tsai, Hsin-Nan & Sheu, Uan-Yu & Zhang, Zhe George, 2019. "Optimal replacement policies for a system based on a one-cycle criterion," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 191(C).
    7. Shang, Lijun & Liu, Baoliang & Qiu, Qingan & Yang, Li & Du, Yongjun, 2023. "Designing warranty and maintenance policies for products subject to random working cycles," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 234(C).
    8. Fang, Haojun & Zheng, Rui & Xia, Xiangde & Hu, Chiwei, 2025. "Condition-based maintenance policy for a two-component balanced system with a multimode protective device," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 262(C).
    9. Shang, Lijun & Liu, Baoliang & Qiu, Qingan & Yang, Li, 2023. "Three-dimensional warranty and post-warranty maintenance of products with monitored mission cycles," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 239(C).
    10. Zhang, Ji & Chen, Xiaohui & An, Youjun & Zhang, Lin & Shi, Haohao & Xu, Weigang, 2025. "Joint optimization of preventive maintenance and product quality improvement policies for deteriorating manufacturing systems with quality-reliability dependency," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).
    11. Zhang, Fengxia & Shen, Jingyuan & Liao, Haitao & Ma, Yizhong, 2021. "Optimal preventive maintenance policy for a system subject to two-phase imperfect inspections," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 205(C).
    12. Torrado, Nuria, 2022. "Optimal component-type allocation and replacement time policies for parallel systems having multi-types dependent components," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 224(C).
    13. Shen, Jingyuan & Cui, Lirong & Ma, Yizhong, 2019. "Availability and optimal maintenance policy for systems degrading in dynamic environments," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 276(1), pages 133-143.
    14. Levitin, Gregory & Xing, Liudong & Dai, Yuanshun, 2024. "Optimal system loading and aborting in additive multi-attempt missions," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 251(C).
    15. Zheng, Junjun & Okamura, Hiroyuki & Dohi, Tadashi, 2021. "Age replacement with Markovian opportunity process," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 216(C).
    16. Zhao, Xufeng & Qian, Cunhua & Nakagawa, Toshio, 2013. "Optimal policies for cumulative damage models with maintenance last and first," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 50-59.
    17. Levitin, Gregory & Xing, Liudong & Dai, Yuanshun, 2025. "Optimal aborting in cumulative parallel missions with individual and common shocks," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 262(C).
    18. Levitin, Gregory & Xing, Liudong & Dai, Yuanshun, 2025. "Optimal scheduling, loading and aborting in additive missions performed by multiple components in shock environment," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 256(C).
    19. Sheu, Shey-Huei & Liu, Tzu-Hsin & Zhang, Zhe-George & Tsai, Hsin-Nan, 2018. "The generalized age maintenance policies with random working times," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 503-514.
    20. Badía, F.G. & Berrade, M.D. & Cha, Ji Hwan & Lee, Hyunju, 2018. "Optimal replacement policy under a general failure and repair model: Minimal versus worse than old repair," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 362-372.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:reensy:v:262:y:2025:i:c:s0951832025003552. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.journals.elsevier.com/reliability-engineering-and-system-safety .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.