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Cautious strategy update promotes cooperation in spatial prisoner’s dilemma game

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  • Liu, Yongkui
  • Zhang, Lin
  • Chen, Xiaojie
  • Ren, Lei
  • Wang, Long

Abstract

In the realistic world, individual cautiousness can be often involved or observed when a rational individual makes a decision. However, it remains unclear how such individual cautiousness influences the evolution of cooperative behavior. To this end, we consider a Fermi strategy updating rule, where each individual is assigned a cautiousness index that controls its learning activity, and then study the evolution of cooperation in the spatial prisoner’s dilemma game. Interestingly, it is found that cooperation can be significantly promoted when individuals’ cautiousness is considered. In particular, there exists an optimal range of the degree of cautiousness resulting in the highest cooperation level. The remarkable promotion of cooperation, as well as the emerging phase transition is explained by configurational analysis. The sensitivity of cooperation to initial states with different fractions of cooperators is also discussed. The result illustrates that high densities of cooperators can be established at small initial fractions of cooperators. The detailed mechanism for such phenomenon is explained by analyzing the typical initial configurations.

Suggested Citation

  • Liu, Yongkui & Zhang, Lin & Chen, Xiaojie & Ren, Lei & Wang, Long, 2013. "Cautious strategy update promotes cooperation in spatial prisoner’s dilemma game," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 392(17), pages 3640-3647.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:phsmap:v:392:y:2013:i:17:p:3640-3647
    DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2013.04.031
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Zha, Jiajing & Li, Cong & Fan, Suohai, 2022. "The effect of stability-based strategy updating on cooperation in evolutionary social dilemmas," Applied Mathematics and Computation, Elsevier, vol. 413(C).
    2. Wang, Dongqi & Shuai, Xuanyue & Pan, Qiuhui & Li, Jingye & Lan, Xiaolong & He, Mingfeng, 2020. "Long deliberation times promote cooperation in the prisoner’s dilemma game," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 537(C).
    3. Li, Ya & Lan, Xin & Deng, Xinyang & Sadiq, Rehan & Deng, Yong, 2014. "Comprehensive consideration of strategy updating promotes cooperation in the prisoner’s dilemma game," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 403(C), pages 284-292.
    4. Wu, Jianshe & Hou, Yanqiao & Jiao, Licheng & Li, Huijie, 2014. "Community structure inhibits cooperation in the spatial prisoner’s dilemma," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 412(C), pages 169-179.
    5. Wang, Mengyao & Pan, Qiuhui & He, Mingfeng, 2020. "Individuals with the firm heart are conducive to cooperation in social dilemma," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    6. Peiyan Yuan & Xiaoxiao Pang & Ping Liu & En Zhang, 2019. "FollowMe: One Social Importance-Based Collaborative Scheme in MONs," Future Internet, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-11, April.

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