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Geometric effect in nonequilibrium quantum thermodynamics

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  • Abe, Sumiyoshi

Abstract

The concept of work is studied in quantum thermodynamics of a system surrounded by an environment and driven by a slowly varying external force. It is found that there appears the gauge theoretical structure in a nonequilibrium quasistationary state generated from the equilibrium state through a positive operator-valued measure (POVM). The thermodynamic work as the flux of the gauge field is considered for a cyclic process in the space of the external-force parameters. In this way, a novel geometric effect in nonequilibrium quantum thermodynamics is predicted. This effect is illustrated by using an example of a spin-1/2 interacting with a slowly rotating external magnetic field.

Suggested Citation

  • Abe, Sumiyoshi, 2006. "Geometric effect in nonequilibrium quantum thermodynamics," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 372(2), pages 387-392.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:phsmap:v:372:y:2006:i:2:p:387-392
    DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2006.08.034
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