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Global financial cycle: The temporal dimension and cross-sectional dimension

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  • Fang, Yi
  • Tang, Qirui

Abstract

The cross-sectional dimension of the financial cycle is interconnection risk, and the dynamic evolution of interconnection risk forms the basis for the temporal dimension of the financial cycle. We utilize long-term historical data of 17 developed economies from 1871 to 2020 to study the relationship between the temporal and cross-sectional dimensions of the global financial cycle. The results reveal a significant inverse relationship between the cross-sectional and temporal dimensions of the global financial cycle, which from the perspective of the global financial cycle, illustrates the theory of financial instability. Moreover, from a temporal perspective, there is a high degree of synchronicity among the financial cycles of different countries, with the financial cycle of the United States leading that of the majority of countries. From a cross-sectional perspective, the formation of global credit cycles, housing market cycles, and stock market cycles are driven by spillover risks. Among them, the United States dominates the global financial cycle by spilling over risks to other countries, and this impact has also gradually strengthened over time.

Suggested Citation

  • Fang, Yi & Tang, Qirui, 2026. "Global financial cycle: The temporal dimension and cross-sectional dimension," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 96(C).
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:pacfin:v:96:y:2026:i:c:s0927538x25000952
    DOI: 10.1016/j.pacfin.2025.102758
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    JEL classification:

    • E30 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - General (includes Measurement and Data)
    • F36 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Financial Aspects of Economic Integration
    • G10 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - General (includes Measurement and Data)

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