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Beyond computation: How National Supercomputing Centers facilitate new business entry

Author

Listed:
  • Zhao, Yikai
  • Tian, Jingyi
  • Zhang, Shutong
  • Nagayasu, Jun

Abstract

We study whether advanced computing infrastructure catalyzes entrepreneurship by exploiting the staggered establishment of China’s National Supercomputing Centers (NSCs) from 2007 to 2022. We find that NSCs significantly increase local new firm entry by strengthening network effects, attracting skilled labor, improving capital allocation, and intensifying government support. Importantly, these effects are conditional on local market environments, depending on computing demand, capacity to convert public computing resources into practical use, and the degree of competitive activation. We also note that while NSCs contribute to narrowing the coastal-inland entrepreneurship gap, their benefits appear to be uneven within inland regions, being more concentrated among highly skilled individuals and attenuated in markets dominated by leading incumbents.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhao, Yikai & Tian, Jingyi & Zhang, Shutong & Nagayasu, Jun, 2026. "Beyond computation: How National Supercomputing Centers facilitate new business entry," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 41(3).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jbvent:v:41:y:2026:i:3:s0883902626000200
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jbusvent.2026.106590
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    JEL classification:

    • C23 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Models with Panel Data; Spatio-temporal Models
    • L26 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Entrepreneurship
    • O33 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes
    • R11 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, Environmental Issues, and Changes

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