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Multiple complex problem-solving scenarios: The incremental validity of ability self-concept beyond reasoning in adults

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  • Christ, Alexander
  • Becker, Nicolas
  • Kröner, Stephan

Abstract

Complex Problem Solving (CPS) and reasoning are considered as correlated, but not equivalent (Stadler, Becker, Gödker, Leutner, & Greiff, 2015). However, empirical evidence for incremental validity of constructs beyond reasoning regarding CPS is scarce. This includes evidence for CPS self-concept (CPS SC; cf. Meißner, Greiff, Frischkorn, & Steinmayr, 2016). Strongest evidence would result from applying CPS scenarios as criteria that have been constructed to maximize correlations with conventional reasoning tests (e.g. MultiFlux, Kröner, 2001; Kröner, Plass, & Leutner, 2005; Zech, Bühner, Kröner, Heene, & Hilbert, 2017). Thus, we applied MultiFlux as a criterion to assess CPS performance of n = 240 university students and investigated incremental validity of CPS SC above and beyond reasoning according to a figural matrices test (DESIGMA, Becker et al., 2016; ω > .75 for all constructs). Results showed substantial unique effects of CPS SC on CPS above and beyond reasoning (β = .36; 16% incremental variance), both for a latent CPS factor and for all four CPS subdimensions. Despite a substantial amount of shared variance, reasoning and CPS proved to be distinct constructs and CPS SC showed a substantial unique effect beyond reasoning in explaining CPS. Avenues for exploring relevance of further constructs for explaining CPS variance are discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Christ, Alexander & Becker, Nicolas & Kröner, Stephan, 2020. "Multiple complex problem-solving scenarios: The incremental validity of ability self-concept beyond reasoning in adults," Intelligence, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:intell:v:78:y:2020:i:c:s016028961930203x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.intell.2019.101421
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Lotz, Christin & Scherer, Ronny & Greiff, Samuel & Sparfeldt, Jörn R., 2017. "Intelligence in action – Effective strategic behaviors while solving complex problems," Intelligence, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 98-112.
    2. Rudolph, Julia & Niepel, Christoph & Greiff, Samuel & Goldhammer, Frank & Kröner, Stephan, 2017. "Metacognitive confidence judgments and their link to complex problem solving," Intelligence, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 1-8.
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    Cited by:

    1. Lotz, Christin & Scherer, Ronny & Greiff, Samuel & Sparfeldt, Jörn R., 2022. "g's little helpers – VOTAT and NOTAT mediate the relation between intelligence and complex problem solving," Intelligence, Elsevier, vol. 95(C).

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