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Leveraging global value chains for innovation: the case of SMEs

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  • Eissa, Yasmine
  • Zaki, Chahir

Abstract

In this paper, we study the relationship between global value chains (GVC) participation and firms’ innovation, with a focus on unveiling opportunities for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) bound with structural disadvantages. Using firm-level data from the World Bank Enterprise Surveys, we contribute to the existing literature in three ways. First, we analyze the impact of GVC participation on different types of innovation, especially product versus process ones. Second, we bridge literature strands on internal (R&D spending) and external (GVC orientation) innovation inputs and explore whether they act as substitutes. Third, we explore the moderating effect of GVC participation on SMEs innovation. Our findings show that GVC participation incentivizes product and process innovation. In addition, it serves as a substitute for R&D spending and helps SMEs innovate. The GVC effect is particularly significant in middle-income countries with adequate absorptive capacity. Our results remain robust when using alternative methodologies.

Suggested Citation

  • Eissa, Yasmine & Zaki, Chahir, 2025. "Leveraging global value chains for innovation: the case of SMEs," International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 182(C).
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:inteco:v:182:y:2025:i:c:s2110701725000228
    DOI: 10.1016/j.inteco.2025.100599
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Global value chains; Innovation; Firm-level;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • O32 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Management of Technological Innovation and R&D
    • F10 - International Economics - - Trade - - - General

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