Who fears or favors globalization? Evidence from individual-level survey data in Japan

This study examines which factors determine how to assess the impact of globalization on self-interests and the national interest in Japan. The factors affecting individuals' opinions about globalization's effect on economic self-interests do not necessarily correspond to those on the national economy. To understand what causes the public to fear or favor globalization, we should take account of which viewpoint to use. We find that English-proficient people and high-income household members are more likely to think positively about globalization regardless of their perspectives. On the contrary, blue-collar and low-wage workers are more likely to worry about the impact of globalization on their job security and consumption. Rural workers and students are also more likely to feel anxiety about the impact of globalization on their employment opportunities. Finally, women are more likely to feel uncertain, particularly about the impact of globalization on their life as a consumer regardless of whether they are working.